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Caregivers who refuse preventive care for their children: the relationship between immunization and topical fluoride refusal.

References 1. Institute of Medicine. Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety: Stakeholder Concerns, Scientific Evidence, and Future Studies. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2013. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 2. McMahon BJ, Dentinger CM, Bruden D et al. Antibody levels and protection after hepatitis B vaccine: results of a 22-year follow-up study and response to a booster dose. J Infect Dis. 2009;200(9):1390–1396. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 3. Institute of Medicine. Adverse Effect

A new perspective on metals and other contaminants in fluoridation chemicals

Background: Fluoride additives contain metal contaminants that must be diluted to meet drinking water regulations. However, each raw additive batch supplied to water facilities does not come labeled with concentrations per contaminant. This omission distorts exposure profiles and the risks associated with accidents and routine use. Objectives: This study provides an independent determination of the metal content of raw fluoride products. Methods: Me