1. Introduction
Fluorine is one of the most common halogens, which usually exists in the environment as compounds. Fluorine or fluoride enters the human body primarily through drinking water, food, and air. Once absorbed into the bloodstream, it is easily transported throughout the body in the form of ions. More than 90% of absorbed fluoride is distributed in bone tissue, with the total amount of fluorine in a normal human body being approximately 2.6 g [1]. Fluoride has a dual effect on
4. Discussion
This study’s different results suggest past, present, and potentially future exposure to F- levels above the international drinking water guidelines, and that consequently represents a health risk for children and women whose drinking water source is the La Onza well or wells with similar F- concentrations in the CARL. Since convenience sampling is non-probabilistic, it cannot pretend to be representative of the whole population. However, we have no reasons to believe (althou
4. Discussion
Cellular senescence is a pathophysiologica l phase in which the cell cycle is arrested and cells stop growing. In recent years, cellular senescence has been widely highlighted as one of the pathogenesis mechanisms that regulate various diseases such as tumors, degenerative diseases, and chronic diseases [20]. The reason and mechanism of cell senescence are not fully understood. Oxidative stress is the main external cause of cell senescence that is more generally accepted. Cells
