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Research Studies
Study Tracker

Study Tracker

The most up-to-date and comprehensive source for studies on fluoride's multifaceted effects on human and animal health, with 100+ years of research organized by health category, type of study, author, journal, and date.
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Fluoride in Drinking Water, Diet, and Urine in Relation to Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Incidence in Postmenopausal Women.

April 6, 2021 | Environmental Health Perspectives | Helte E, Donat Vargas C, Kippler M, Wolk A, Michaëlsson K, Åkesson A. | 129(4):47005
Exposure to fluoride occurs mainly through drinking water, which may include fluoride from natural sources and fluoride added to prevent tooth decay. Naturally occurring fluoride concentrations can vary substantially, from insignificant to well above the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended limit of 1.5mg/L (WHO 2006), whereas the concentration in artificially fluoridated water is typically around 0.7mg/L (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Federal Panel on Community Water Fluor

The safe exposure level to fluoride in pregnancy.

January-March 2021 | Fluoride | Editorial by Bruce Spittle | 54(1):1-4.
Fluoride (F) is not an essential trace element in humans or necessary for the development of healthy teeth and bones.9,10 It is likely that there is no threshold for fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity in drinking water, and the only assuredly safe level of fluoride in drinking water is zero.10,11,12 The currently recommended level of 0.7 mg F/L for community water systems10,11 and the provision of fluoridated salt are no longer appropriate for preventing dental caries because they

Probiotic alleviate fluoride-induced memory impairment by reconstructing gut microbiota in mice.

March 30, 2021 | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety | Xin J, Wang H, Sun N, Bughio S, Zeng D, Li L, Wang Y, Khalique A, Zeng Y, Pan K, Jing B, Ma H, Bai Y, Ni X. | 215:112108.
1. Introduction Fluoride is a widespread environmental pollution, and groundwater is the major source of exposure in which the fluoride concentration can be as high as 35 ppm (Petrone et al., 2013). Fluorosis induced by geological origin is a serious public health concern in 28 nations particularly in India and China (Rafique et al., 2015). In India, 230 districts of 20 states are at risk of a high level of fluoride in drinking water (Srivastava and Flora, 2020). In China, almost all the provi

The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue.

March 28, 2021 | Biomolecules | Ciosek Z, Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Lanocha-Arendarczyk N, Rotter I. | 11(4):506.
5. Fluorine (F) According to some researchers, fluorine is a microelement needed for proper development. However, in the case of this element, it is important to determine its concentration in the human body, because the difference between the tolerated dose and the toxic dose is very small [110]. Fluorides (F-), the ionic form of fluorine, in trace amounts are essential for the proper development of the bones and the teeth [111]. They stimulate the proliferation of osteoblasts and inhibit

A cost-effectiveness analysis of community water fluoridation for schoolchildren.

March 25, 2021 | BMC Oral Health | Cronin J, Moore S, Harding M, Whelton H, Woods N. | 21(1):158.
Availability of data and materials The datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on request. Notes adjusted to EU19 prices (5). The probability of receiving an amalgam given that you received an extraction at your previous visit is of course zero. Abbreviations CWF: Community water fluoridation PWS: Public water supply EPA: Environmental Protection Agency Ireland WTS: Wate