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Exposure to environmental neurotoxic substances and neurodevelopment in children from Latin America and the Caribbean.

Introduction Environmental neurotoxicants are pollutants that can negatively affect many cellular metabolic-processes through different pathways: neuroendocrine/thyroid hormone disruption (Pb, methyl-Hg, organochlorines, and polychlorinated biphenyls-PCB), oxidative stress (Pb, methyl-Hg, organochlorines, and chlorpyrifos), dopamine dysfunction (Pb, methyl-Hg, As, chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, and organochlorines) (Heyer and Meredith, 2017; Rock and Patisaul, 2018). Pistollato et al. (2020)

Metabolism and Toxicity of Fluorine Compounds

Abstract Fluorine has many beneficial features and applications but can cause toxicity at high doses. Herein, we describe its chemical properties and benefits to agrochemical design as well as potential metabolic liabilities and exposure assessment in vivo.   The use of fluorine in drugs and agricultural chemicals has greatly expanded since the first fluoro compound, fludrocortisone, was approved in 1955. In 2018–2019, 45% of small molecule drugs approved by the U.S.

Carious lesions in permanent dentitions are reduced in remote Indigenous Australian children taking part in a non-randomised preventive trial.

Excerpt Discussion ... While our annual intervention reduced caries incidence, caries increment remains unacceptably high in this community, even in children who received it. These interventions are resource-intensive, so consideration should be given to proven cost-effective interventions such as the reintroduction of water fluoridation. If active interventions are needed, consideration should be given to expanding the roles of community health workers to deliver preventive programs, especial

Serum Concentration of Fluoride in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis from the Lublin Region in Eastern Poland.

Excerpt 4. Discussion ... In our study higher serum fluoride concentrations were associated with changes in liver related parameters. In all Pugh-Child score groups of analyzed patients with different stages of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, elevated levels of plasma fluoride, increased activities of both hepatic aminotransferases, ALT and AST, and total bilirubin concentration were shown. The risk of serious complications like esophageal varices, ascites and encephalopathy was high