Child oral health
Early dental research from the Dunedin Study primarily focused upon the prevalence of childhood dental caries and its associated protective and causative factors, including community water fluoridation (which commenced in Dunedin in 1967, well before the Study members were born), self-care, and use of dental services. Over 90% of the Study participants had attended a School Dental Service (SDS) clinic by the age of 5 years, and more than half of those were enrolled with the SD
References
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Abstract
There is preliminary evidence to suggest a positive association between fluoride exposure and higher blood pressure among children, but population-based biomarker studies are lacking. Thus, data from the 2013/2014 and 2015/2016 cycles of the US-based National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analysed to evaluate the association between plasma fluoride concentrations and blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 8 to 19 years. Secondary
Furthermore, the PLS-R modelling results suggest that increased fluoride and ammonium concentration could also act as a sporulation trigger, at least for S. parasitica. The range of fluoride concentrations in freshwater is between 0.01 and 0.3 mg/L [57], which is in accordance with the average fluoride concentration of 0.1 mg/L in our dataset. The induction of sporulation by environmentally relevant fluoride concentrations could be explained as a response to unfavorable environmental condition
6. Fluoride
6.1. Main functions
Fluoride is the world's 13th most abundant element [151], being widely distributed in the environment, occurring in soils, rocks, and water: it is therefore naturally present in the food and drink we but its status as “essential” is debated.
It is well absorbed by the small intestine. and gets attached to bone and teeth, transforming apatite into fluoroapatite. Nearly 99% of the body's fluoride is bound strongly to calcified tissues. Fluoride in bone appe