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Research Studies
Study Tracker

Study Tracker

The most up-to-date and comprehensive source for studies on fluoride's multifaceted effects on human and animal health, with 100+ years of research organized by health category, type of study, author, journal, and date.
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Dental fluorosis in Grand Rapids during the seventeenth year of fluoridation

November 1962 | Journal of the American Dental Association | Russell AL. | 65:608-12.
At all ages 7.1 per cent of white children with continuous residence, and 15.9 per cent of Negro children with the same history, showed one of the positive signs of fluorosis--very mild or mild in degree. About the same proportions--7.7 and 14.1 percent, respectively--were found in children aged 12 to 14 years. Community fluorosis indices as defined by Dean, were .14 and .33 for white and Negro children of all ages with continuous residence, and .15 and .31, respectively, for continuous-resident