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Plasma and water fluoride levels and hyperuricemia among adolescents: A cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of the United States for 2013–2016.

Highlights Relatively low levels of fluoride exposure in US adolescents but with wide ranges. Dose-dependent increase in prevalence of hyperuricemia with increasing fluoride levels. Significant associations between plasma and water fluoride and hyperuricemia. A positive relationship between water and plasma fluoride concentrations. Potential role of chronic fluoride exposure in increased prevalence of hyperuricemia. Abstract Exposure to excessive fluo

Fluoride enhances generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, oxidizes hemoglobin, lowers antioxidant power and inhibits transmembrane electron transport in isolated human red blood cells.

References Abbas et al., 2017. M. Abbas, M.H. Siddiqi, K. Khan, K. Zahra, A.U. NaqviHaematological evaluation of sodium fluoride toxicity in oryctolagus cunniculus. Toxicol. Rep., 4 (2017), pp. 450-454. Article. Adedara et al., 2017. I.A. Adedara, T.J.D. Ojuade, B.F. Olabiyi, U.F. Idris, E.M. Onibiyo, O.F. Ajeigbe, E.O. Farombi. Taurine ameliorates oxidative damage and thyroid dysfunction in rats chronically exposed to fluoride. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 175 (2) (2017), pp. 388-3

Recent Biomarkers for Monitoring the Systemic Fluoride Levels in Exposed Populations: A Systematic Review.

References Yadav, K.K.; Kumar, S.; Pham, Q.B.; Gupta, N.; Rezania, S.; Kamyab, H.; Yadav, S.; Vymazal, J.; Kumar, V.; Tri, D.Q.; et al. Fluoride contamination, health problems and remediation methods in Asian groundwater: A comprehensive review. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2019, 182, 109362. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating First Addendum; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2017. [Google Scholar]

Fluoride Exposure and the Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Urinary Fluoride Levels in Primary Aluminum Workers.

References International Aluminium Institute. Available online: http://www.world-aluminium.org/statistics/ (accessed on 1 September 2020). Berdowski, J.; van der Most, P.; Mulder, W.; Bloos, J.P.; Payna, J.M.; Rentz, O.; Oertel, D.; Woodfield, M.; Pulles, T.; Appelman, W. Aluminium production. In 2016 EMEP/EEA Emission Inventory Guidebook; European Environment Agency: Copenhagen, Denmark, 2016. [Google Scholar] Kvande, H. The aluminium smelting process. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2014,