Abstract
Ninety-six sexually mature male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups of twenty-four rats. In experiments to assess effects of sodium fluoride and sulfur dioxide on their sperm motility and serum testosterone (T), one group of rats was left untreated as controls, and the other three groups were administered, respectively, for eight consecutive weeks, 100 mg NaF/L (45 mg F – /L) in their drinking water, sulfur dioxide in ambient air (15 ppm SO 2 , 4 hr/day), or were exposed to both NaF and SO 2 together. In comparison with the control group, the ratio of testis weight to body weight increased in the NaF+SO 2 group at week 4, and the mean values of sperm motility were significantly lower in the NaF group and in the SO 2 group, and even more so in the NaF+SO 2 group over the entire eight-week period. The serum T level in the NaF+SO 2 group was significantly increased at week 2 and then markedly decreased at week 4 and 8. Similar changes were also observed in the SO 2 group. Sperm motility and serum T in rats were thus affected to some extent by NaF or SO 2 but were most drastically affected by NaF and SO 2 together. The resulting changes in the testis tissue and serum T concentration may therefore be connected with the low sperm motility in these rats.
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Effects of fluoride and aluminum on expressions of StAR and P450scc of related steroidogenesis in guinea pigs' testis
Highlights F and Al changed histological structure of testes, reduced sperm quality. F and Al reduced StAR and P450scc expressions and level of serum testosterone. F toxicity is stronger than Al and Al weakened the toxicity of F. Al had antagonism effects on F. A lot of studies have shown
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Fluoride Compromises Testicular Redox Sensor, Gap Junction Protein, and Metabolic Status: Amelioration by Melatonin.
The excess fluoride intake has been shown to adversely affect male reproductive health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the key mechanism underlying fluoride-induced testicular dysfunction and the role of melatonin as a modulator of testicular metabolic, oxidative, and inflammatory load. The present results indicated that sodium
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Interleukin 17A deficiency alleviates fluoride-induced testicular injury by inhibiting the immune response and apoptosis.
Highlights Exposure to high-levels of fluoride causes reproductive toxicity in humans. Increased testes toxicity and inflammation were seen in a mouse model of fluorosis. The NaF-mediated testes toxicity and inflammation were absent in IL-17A -/- mice. In Leydig cells IL-17A and/or NaF increased apoptosis and decreased testosterone. Il-17A appears
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Testing the potential of sodium fluoride to affect spermatogenesis in the rat
The potential of sodium fluoride (NaF) to affect spermatogenesis and endocrine function was assessed in P and F1 generation male rats. Male and female experimental rats received sodium fluoride in their drinking water at one of four concentrations (25, 100, 175, 250 ppm). P generation male and female rats were
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Co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic disrupts intestinal flora balance and induces testicular autophagy in offspring rats.
Highlights F and As exposure caused an imbalance in the intestinal flora of rats. F and As exposure caused alterations in autophagic flux, which were positively correlated with SMB53 and Anaerostipes. F and As exposure caused alterations in reproductive hormones, which were negatively correlated with Parabacteroides. Under experimental conditions,
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Fluoride's Effect on the Male Reproductive System -- In Vitro Studies
Carefully controlled in vitro studies have found that direct exposure of fluoride to the testes or semen inhibits testosterone production and damages sperm. While researchers have known since the 1930s that mega concentrations of fluoride can completely (but reversibly) immobilize sperm, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that researchers found that relatively modest concentrations of fluoride could cause damage prior to complete immobilization.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System -- The "Sprando/Collins" Anomaly
In contrast to the findings of over 60 animal studies from other research teams, a series of studies by FDA researchers Sprando & Collins reported virtually no evidence of reproductive toxicity among animals treated with very high levels of fluoride exposure. The reasons for this discrepancy remains unclear. Excerpts from Sprando/Collins' Studies: "This study
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System - Human Studies
Consistent with in vitro and animal research, studies of human populations have reported associations between fluoride exposure and damage to the male reproductive system. Most notably, a scientist at the Food & Drug Administration reported in 1994 that populations in the United States with more than 3 ppm fluoride in their water had lower "total fertility rates" than populations with lower fluoride levels.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System: Animal Studies
Over 60 studies on animals (including rats, mice, roosters, and rabbits) have found that fluoride adversely impacts the male reproductive system. These studies have repeatedly found the following effects: (1) decreases in testosterone levels; (2) reduced sperm motility; (3) altered sperm morphology; (4) reduced sperm quantity; (5) increased oxidative stress; (6) and reduced capacity to breed.
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