Abstract
The acute toxicity of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) was investigated in a 24-hour lethal dose study of intravenous injection in rats. The LD50 and LD90 were 17.4 and 23.0 mg/kg, respectively. Harmful systemic effects were also studied 1 hour after acute sublethal exposure to HFA. Rats were injected with HFA (1.6, 3.2, 6.4, or 9.6(LD5) mg/kg) or saline. Blood samples were obtained from the carotid artery. BUN and Cr were significantly increased in response to HFA concentrations greater than 3.2 mg/kg. Acute glomerular dysfunction also occurred at HFA concentrations greater than 3.2 mg/kg. PCO2, HCO3– and base excess were significantly decreased in the 6.4 and 9.6 mg/kg groups. Total and ionized calcium was significantly decreased, and potassium was increased in the 9.6 mg/kg group. Ionized fluoride exposure directly affected serum electrolytes. Mortality was thought to be due to cardiac arrhythmia resulting from hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia. Metabolic acidosis and renal failure were severe in response to HFA exposure. Even low exposure to HFA can cause acute renal dysfunction, electrolyte abnormalities and metabolic acidosis. These complications result in a poor prognosis.
-
-
Fluorosis in Aden
The cases to be described here occurred in the Aden Protectorate where for the last 12 years mass screening of the chest to exclude pulmonary tuberculosis has been carried out. The patients had all drunk the brackish water from the wells, and the analysis of the water from a well
-
Effects of melatonin and epiphyseal proteins on fluoride-induced adverse changes in antioxidant status of heart, liver, and kidney of rats
Several experimental and clinical reports indicated the oxidative stress-mediated adverse changes in vital organs of human and animal in fluoride (F) toxicity. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effect of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) epiphyseal (pineal) proteins (BEP) and melatonin (MEL) against F-induced oxidative stress in heart,
-
Effect of water fluoridation on the development of medial vascular calcification in uremic rats
Public water fluoridation is a common policy for improving dental health. Fluoride replaces the hydroxyls of hydroxyapatite, thereby improving the strength of tooth enamel, but this process can also occur in other active calcifications. This paper studies the effects of water fluoridation during the course of vascular calcification in renal
-
The relationship between human ionic plasma fluoride and serum creatinine concentrations in cases of renal and cardiac insufficiency in a fluoridated community
Previous studies have shown that renal and cardiac insufficiency cause an elevation of ionic plasma fluoride (IPF) concentration in patients suffering from these diseases. The relationship between serum or plasma fluoride concentration and the degree of renal impairment has been tested only twice; with somewhat contrasting results, although some previous
-
Toxicokinetics and metabolism deteriorated by acute nephrotoxicity after a single intravenous injection of hydrofluoric acid in rats
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the early dynamic state of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) in blood and urine as a model of accidental occupational exposure to a subtoxic dose of HFA. It was also aimed at determining the relationship between the kinetics and harmful effects of HFA on the
Related Studies :
-
-
-
Fluoride & Electrocardiogram Abnormalities
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. An ECG can reveal heart rate, heart rhythym (i.e. steady or irregular), and the strength and timing of the heart’s natural electrical signals. ECGs are described in terms of “waves” (e.g. amplitude and duration). Problems
-
Fluoride & Myocardial Damage
Structural damage to the heart resulting from fluoride toxicity has been observed in numerous human and animal studies. The general features of this damage include cloudy swelling, vacuolization or vacuolar degeneration, hemorrhages, interstitial edema, fibrous necrosis, dissolution of nuclei, and thickening of the vessel walls in the heart muscle (Basha
-
Fluoride Gels & Kidney Function
Scientists have found that the application of "Fluoride Gels" at the dental office causes very high spikes in the blood fluoride level. The high spikes in blood fluoride levels are a result of three factors: the high concentration of fluoride in the gel (= 12.3 mg of fluoride in each
-
Fluoride as a Cause of Kidney Disease in Humans
Because the kidney is exposed to higher concentrations of fluoride than all other soft tissues (with the exception of the pineal gland), there is concern that excess fluoride exposure may contribute to kidney disease - thus initiating a "vicious cycle" where the damaged kidneys increase the accumulation of fluoride, causing
-
Fluoride & Kidney Stones
It has long been suspected that fluoride may contribute to the formation of kidney stones. This suspicion has recently gained support from a study of an American man with skeletal fluorosis. According to the authors: "A new, important, medical problem (that seemed temporally related to cessation of fluoride exposure and subsequent negative calcium
Related FAN Content :
-