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Fluoride exposure and cognitive neurodevelopment: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Introduction The trace element fluoride (F) has been used since 1930 for the prevention and management of dental caries, which is considered a global health issue, especially in pediatric populations (ten Cate and Buzalaf, 2019; World Health Organisation, 2021). In nature, this mineral can be found in different amounts in water, plants, and food. Fluoride compounds are also used in aluminum, petroleum, chemical, and plastics industries, therefore workers in such industries may be exposed

Evaluation of water fluoridation scheme in Cumbria: the CATFISH prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Plain English summary Tooth decay is the most common disease of childhood, and tooth extraction due to decay is the main reason why children have a general anaesthetic in hospital. It is known that fluoride can prevent tooth decay and can be provided via the water. Research in the USA and UK in the 1940s/50s showed that water fluoridation produced dramatic falls in tooth decay. However, the introduction of fluoride toothpaste in the 1970s also caused large reductions  in dental decay. We under

Estrogen deficiency aggravates fluoride-induced small intestinal mucosa damage and junctional complexes proteins expression disorder in rats.

Highlights Fluoride damaged intestinal epithelial cells. Fluoride inhibited intestinal epithelial cells proliferation. Fluoride disrupted expression of junctional complexes proteins. Fluoride reduced glycoproteins secretion. Estrogen deficiency exacerbated fluoride-induced enterotoxicity. *Original full-text article online at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651322010211?via%3Dihub

Fluoride induced leaky gut and bloom of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum mediate the exacerbation of obesity in high-fat-diet fed mice.

Highlights Fluoride exacerbates obesity in HFD fed mice, while shows limited effect in ND mice. Fluoride induced obesity is mediated by gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. Fluoride exacerbates the obesity in HFD mice through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum was identified as a crucial mediator of fluoride induced obesity. *Original full-text article online at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123222002399

Fluoride exposure and blood cell markers of inflammation in children and adolescents in the United States: NHANES, 2013–2016.

Background Fluoride is a highly electronegative anion which, when present in saliva or other topical dental products, enhances the precipitation of calcium phosphates on the tooth enamel surface [1]. The observation that naturally fluoridated water was associated with reduced dental decay [2] lead the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) to recommend that 1 ppm fluoride be added to the drinking water as a public health measure to prevent dental caries. In 2015, these recommendations were r

Private Interests and the Start of Fluoride-Supplemented High-Carbohydrate Nutritional Guidelines.

1. Introduction Dental caries is the quintessential disease of civilization, a disease which became prevalent with the start of cereal agriculture and rampant with the start of industrial sugar production [1]. A body of evidence supports the hypothesis that a diet leading to dental caries also leads to chronic non-communicable diseases [2]. Most authoritative organizations aimed to protect public health ignore this evidence and take the view that dental caries is the only adverse side-effect

Effects of neuron autophagy induced by arsenic and fluoride on spatial learning and memory in offspring rats.

Highlights • Arsenic and/or fluoride exposure can impair spatial learning and memory ability in offspring rats, and low-dose combined exposure produces stronger neurotoxicity than exposure alone. • Arsenic and/or fluoride exposure can disrupt synaptic structure and function, which in turn leads to neurotoxicity. • Arsenic and fluoride exposure have an interactive effect on the expression of autolysosome-related proteins in rat hippocampal neurons, as shown

Comparative inequalities in child dental caries across four countries: Examination of international birth cohorts and implications for oral health policy.

Introduction Despite great improvements in the oral health of populations, dental caries (an infectious disease caused by certain types of bacteria [1]) remains a significant and preventable population health problem even in high-income countries [2, 3], and particularly for children [4]. This is highlighted by the recent WHO call for a global oral health strategy by 2022 involving major systems reforms placing equity and social justice at the core [5]. Dental caries is the most common disease

Fluoride: From Nutrient to Suspected Neurotoxin.

1. Introduction The guest editor for this special issue asked me to describe some of my many interactions over the past 60 years with those on both sides of the ongoing “war” over fluoridating drinking water [1]. Although in recent years the war has been reduced to local skirmishes over referendums, the war will undoubtedly heat up again if the federal appeals court in San Francisco rules for the plaintiff and mandates that the EPA stop fluoridation in the United States! As one of the few r

Co-exposure of potentially toxic elements in wheat grains reveals a probabilistic health risk in Southwestern Guizhou, China.

Introduction Soil pollution by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has spread worldwide, provoking the ecosystem and health risks to humans, owing to their stable, persistent, and irreversible properties (1). Crops grown in contaminated soils may accumulate PTE in their edible parts, resulting in an excessive human intake, which eventually poses adverse impacts to humans via the food chain (2–4). PTE can enter the human body in three ways including ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, w

Acute Rubigine ® Poisoning in Martinique a French Overseas Department of America: Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors.

1. Introduction Hydrofluoric acid (HF) poisoning is a medical emergency and represents a significant public health problem since it is fatal in nearly 50% of cases [1,2,3]. Rubigine® is an acid caustic product (pH < 1) composed of fluorides; it is a very common rust remover used in the Caribbean, more particularly in Martinique. It has been reported that, in the 1960s, it was the cause of a large number of deaths [4]. Its composition was not modified until April 1994, when a prefectural de

Fluoride application in paediatric patients attending general anaesthetic in Carlisle and Eden.

INTRODUCTION The 2019 National Epidemiological Survey indicated that 23.4% of 5-year-olds in England had an experience of dental decay.1 Between 40% and 45% of these visibly decayed teeth in high-risk children will develop pain and infection regardless of the treatment plan.2 Treatment in children is challenging and, in some cases, impossible without general anaesthesia (GA). In North Cumbria, children attend for exodontia under GA on lists planned and staffed by the Community Dental S

Editorial: Water fluoridation in Scotland?

On 23 September 2021, the four UK Chief Medical Officers (CMOs) stated 'there is strong scientific evidence that water fluoridation is an effective public health intervention for reducing the prevalence of tooth decay and improving dental health equality across the UK'.1 Water fluoridation started in the USA in 1945 and is currently practised in about 25 countries. In the USA, 74% of the population receives fluoridated water, with over 200 million people having their water fluoridat

Fluorine content of several brands of chocolate bars and chocolate cookies found in Brazil.

Abstract Chocolate bars and chocolate cookies are foodstuffs highly appreciated by children. The possibility of having fluorine (F) among their components, associated with an excessive consumption, may make them decisive contributors to the total daily F intake. Thus, they could participate in the establishment of dental fluorosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the fluorine concentration [F] of the chocolates bars (CB) Baton, Confeti, Garoto Ball, Kinder Ovo, M&M’s, Milkybar, Nesca

Fluoride Transport and Inhibition Across CLC Transporters.

Notes 1. Fluoride is isosteric with hydroxide and can compete with phosphate and carboxylate groups, thus acting as a substrate- or transition state-like inhibitor of several enzymatic reactions (Strunecka and Strunecky 2020). 2. Higher organisms can avoid fluoride’s harmful effects, thanks to the exquisite selectivity of most of their anion channels and transporters, which limits fluoride resorption in the gastrointestinal tract (Johnston and Strobel 2020). 3. Larger anions, su

[RETRACTED] Fluoride Exposure Suppresses Proliferation and Enhances Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis Pathways in Hepatocytes by Downregulating Sirtuin-1.

1. Introduction Fluorine exists in the environment in the form of fluoride [1]. And fluorine is a vital trace element present in humans and animals, mainly in bones and teeth [2, 3]. While long-term exposure to fluoride in the air, food, and water can lead to fluorosis, it can also cause dental fluorosis and fluorosis bone disease [4]. It has also been confirmed that chronic fluorosis can result in extensive pathological damage to the body [5]. Excessive intake of fluorine will cause morphologi