Abstract
Key industry data regarding harm from chronically inhaled fluoride have been unavailable publicly for decades. Recent unveiling of unpublished reports reveals three examples of data mishandling that disguised the need for more stringent occupational standards for particulate and gaseous fluorides and fluorine. Injury reports from workers handling chemicals show that unjustifiable reductions of injury and disability numbers in the process of publication shifted concern from respiratory to mineralized tissue damage. Selective editing and data omissions allowed bias that fluoride reduces caries without detrimental effects. Finally, industry’s failure to publish an important industry-funded laboratory study buried knowledge of low thresholds for fluoride-induced lung disease. Data from that study are presented to clarify the dose- and duration-dependent changes caused by chronic inhalation of calcium fluoride.
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Health survey of workers of an aluminum plant in China: III. Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory functions.
The respiratory symptoms and ventilatory lung functions of the production-line workers (F-exposed) at an aluminum plant in China have been studied. The data were compared with those obtained from the office workers (controls). F-exposed groups had a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms than controls and their complaints of phlegm were
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Estimation of potential health effects from acute exposure to hydrogen fluoride using a "benchmark dose" approach.
Communities across the United States are examining the manufacture, use, transport, and storage of hydrogen fluoride (HF) near residential areas as a consequence of a major release of HF in Texas in 1987. Reference exposure levels for routine and accidental HF emissions are calculated using existing animal and human data.
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Subchronic neurotoxicity in rats of the structural fumigant, sulfuryl fluoride
Inhalation exposure of male and female Fischer 344 rats to sulfuryl fluoride [Vikane (Dow Chemical Company) gas fumigant] at 300 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days week, for 13 weeks caused diminished weight gain, dental fluorosis, a slight decrease in grooming, decreased flicker fusion threshold, slowing of flash, auditory and
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Acute effects of 10-minute exposure to hydrogen fluoride in rats and derivation of a short-term exposure limit for humans.
A series of acute inhalation exposures of female rats was conducted with hydrogen fluoride (HF) to establish a concentration-response curve for nonlethal exposures. Durations of 2 and 10 min were used to simulate possible short-term exposures. Concentrations of HF ranged from 593 to 8621 ppm for 2-min exposures and from
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Fluoride Exposure Induces Inhibition of Sodium-and Potassium-Activated Adenosine Triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase) Enzyme Activity: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Public Health.
In this study, several lines of evidence are provided to show that Na+ , K+ -ATPase activity exerts vital roles in normal brain development and function and that loss of enzyme activity is implicated in neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as increased risk of cancer, metabolic, pulmonary and
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Fluoride Enhances Toxicity of Beryllium
Occupational exposure to beryllium is well-documented to put workers' health at risk. The two principal targets of beryllium poisoning are the respiratory system and the skin. Of all beryllium compounds, beryllium fluoride complexes (including beryllium fluoride and beryllium oxyfluoride) appear to be the most toxic. As shown below, studies dating back
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Respiratory Risks from Occupational Fluoride Exposure
Starting in the 1930s, scientists have observed that workers exposed to airborne fluorides suffer from an elevated rate of respiratory disorders. For over 50 years, however, US government and industry scientists made repeated assurances that the allowable level of fluoride dusts and gases in industrial workplaces would not cause any
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