Abstract
It is well known that exposure to fluorides lead to an increased ROS production and enhances the inflammatory reactions. Therefore we decided to examine whether cyclooxygenases (particular COX-2) activity and expression may be changed by fluoride in THP1 macrophages and in this way may change the prostanoids biosynthesis. In the present work we demonstrate that fluoride increased concentration of PGE2 and TXA2 in THP1 macrophages. Following exposure to 1-10?M NaF, COX-2 protein and COX-2 transcript increased markedly. COX-2 protein up-regulation probably is mediated by ROS, produced during fluoride-induced inflammatory reactions. Additional fluoride activates the transcription factor, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, which is involved in the up-regulation of COX-2 gene expression. This study indicated that even in small concentrations fluoride changes the amounts and activity of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes taking part in the initiating and development of inflammatory process.
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Allergy to fluoride
Six children and one adult exhibited various allergic reactions after the use of toothpaste and vitamin preparations containing fluoride. The following conditions were encountered: Urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, stomatitis, gastro-intestinal and respiratory allergy.
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Fluoride dentrifice and stomatitis
Stomatitis has been seen with increasing frequency the past fifteen months (prior to October 1956). At first I was quite aware that a gastrointestinal disturbance, gall bladder disorder or some physical or pyschologic factor might be producing some of the oral lesions which I was seeing. However, as time passed
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Fluoride in low concentration modifies expression and activity of 15 lipoxygenase in human PBMC differentiated monocyte/macrophage
Epidemiological and experimental evidences demonstrate positive correlation between environmental and occupational fluoride exposure and risk to various cardio-respiratory disorders. Therefore we decided to examine the effect of fluorides on activity and expression of 15LOX enzyme which is implicated in biosynthesis of inflammatory mediators. Expression of 15LOX-1 and -2 enzymes mRNA
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Fluoride-induced immunotoxicity in adult male albino rat: a correlative approach to oxidative stress
Fluoride pollution in drinking water is an international problem as the fluoride present is often at levels above acceptable limits. In the studies reported here, sodium fluoride (NaF) treatment of rats by gavage for 28 days resulted in the induction of oxidative stress and immunotoxicity. It was shown here that
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Perioral dermatitis from high fluoride dentifrice: a case report and review of literature
Perioral dermatitis is a papulopustular eruption, commonly related to the inappropriate application of topical corticosteroids with occasional reports of inhaled corticosteroids and decreased personal hygiene. We present a case of a 45-year-old female with a one-year history of perioral dermatitis related to the use of highly fluoridated toothpaste commenced to
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Does Fluoride Ingestion Affect Developing Immune System Cells?
Considerations, supported by some published experimental evidence, suggest that fluoride released during the resorption of high-fluoride bone may produce detrimental effects not only on bone cells but on developing cells of the immune system.
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Is the Ingestion of Fluoride an Immunosuppressive Practice?
This paper records several observations which suggest that habitual ingestion of small doses of fluoride, even as small as the 1 mg/L contained in fluoridated water, may decrease the function of the immune system.
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Fluoride & the Immune System - Summation from the US National Research Council (2006)
“There is no question that fluoride can affect the cells involved in providing immune responses. The question is what proportion, if any, of the population consuming drinking water containing fluoride at 4.0 mg/L on a regular basis will have their immune systems compromised? Not a single epidemiologic study has investigated whether fluoride in the drinking water at 4 mg/L is associated with changes in immune function. Nor has any study examined whether a person with an immunodeficiency disease can tolerate fluoride ingestion from drinking water.”
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