Abstract
Fluoride has widely been used in Dentistry because it is a specific and effective caries prophylactic agent. However, excess fluoride may represent a hazard to human health, especially by causing injury on genetic apparatus. Genotoxicity tests constitute an important part of cancer research for risk assessment of potential carcinogens. In this study, the potential DNA damage associated with exposure to fluoride was assessed by the single cell gel (comet) assay in vitro. Mouse lymphoma and human fibroblast cells were exposed to sodium fluoride (NaF) at final concentration ranging from 7 to 100 microg/mL for 3 h at 37 degrees C. The results pointed out that NaF in all tested concentrations did not contribute to DNA damage as depicted by the mean tail moment and tail intensity for both cellular types assessed. These findings are clinically important because they represent a valuable contribution for evaluation of the potential health risk associated with exposure to agents usually used in dental practice.
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A stable and sensitive testing system for potential carcinogens based on DNA damage-induced gene expression in human HepG2 cell
In order to analyze potential carcinogenic and genotoxic responses caused by exposure to pollutants existing in environment, a screening method has been established in our laboratory that uses a stably transfected HepG2 cell lines containing gadd153 promoter regions which drive a luciferase reporter gene. Activation of the exogenous gadd153 promoter
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DNA damage induced by fluoride in rat osteoblasts
A study is reported of DNA damage by fluoride to primary calvarial osteoblasts of newborn rats isolated by enzymic digestion. Sodium fluoride at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mmol/L was administered to the isolated osteoblast cells for 24 hr, and damage to DNA was determined by single
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Toxicity assessment of sodium fluoride in Drosophila melanogaster after chronic sub-lethal exposure
Sodium fluoride (NaF), one of the most frequently used fluoride compound is composed of Na+ and F-. Apart from its use in water fluoridation, NaF also acts as a major component for different dental products like toothpastes, gels and mouth rinses etc. The present study was carried out to explore the toxic impact of chronic
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Evaluation of multi-endpoint assay to detect genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice exposed to sodium fluoride
Fluoride compounds are naturally present in soil, water and food. The objective of this study was to investigate the genotoxic and oxidative damage induced by chronic fluoride exposure on mammalian cells in vivo. For this purpose, the genotoxic potential was investigated in bone marrow cells by the micronucleus test, chromosome
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Investigation of the genotoxic effects of fluoride on a bone tissue model .
Fluorides are thought to be a major cause of osteocarcinogenesis, due to their widespread industrial use, ability to accumulate in bone tissue, and genotoxic and probable carcinogenic properties. In vitro experiments investigating the genotoxic potential of fluorides in bone tissue models can provide valuable indirect information on their involvement in
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Fluoride & Liver Cancers in NTP Bioassay
On October 28, 1988, Battelle Columbus Laboratories submitted its Final Report to the NTP concerning the results of the Mouse study. The principal finding of Battelle's report was that a dose-dependent increase of a rare liver cancer (hepatocholangiocarcinoma) had occurred in the fluoride-treated male and female mice.
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Fluoride's Mutagenicity: The "Oral Health Research Institute's" Studies
Although many in vitro and in vivo studies have detected mutagenic effects from fluoride exposure, the Oral Health Research Institute at Indiana University's School of Dentistry has repeatedly failed to find any such effect in multiple studies on the subject.
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Fluoride's Mutagenicity: In vivo Studies
Consistent with dozens of in vitro studies, a number of in vivo studies, in both humans and animals, have found evidence of fluoride-induced genetic damage. In particular, research on humans exposed to high levels of fluoride have found increased levels of "sister chromatid exchange" (SCE). As noted in one study: "In
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Fluoride & Osteosarcoma: A Timeline
Several human epidemiological studies have found an association between fluoride in drinking water and the occurrence of osteosarcoma (bone cancer) in young males. These studies are consistent with the National Toxicology Program's (NTP) cancer bioassay which found that fluoride-treated male rats had an dose-dependent increase in osteosarcoma. Although a number of studies have failed to detect an association between fluoride and osteosarcoma, none of these studies have measured the risk of fluoride at specific windows in time, which based on recent results, is the critical question with respect to fluoride and osteosarcoma.
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Micronucleus and Sister Chromatid Exchange Frequency in Endemic Fluorosis
The rise of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of the fluorine-intoxicated patients indicates that fluorine is a mutagenic agent which can cause DNA and chromosomal damage.
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