Excerpt:
Summary
The interrelated effects of dietary fluorine and feed intake on bone growth, body growth, Ca45 behavior, bone pathology and feed utilization are demonstrated in young pigs.
A fluorine level of 1000 ppm in the ration reduced the appetite and caused a decrease in bone growth, body growth, and feed required per unit of skeletal growth. There was an increase in feed required per unit weight gain.
When animals were restricted to the same dietary intake, levels of 200 and 1000 ppm fluorme caused a reduction in bone growth.
Limiting the dietary intake caused a decrease in bone growth, body growth and feed required per unit of bone growth; however, it caused an increase in feed required per unit of weight gain.
Autoradiograms showed that. in the fluorine treated animals there was a process occurring which tended to remove the Ca45 originally deposited in or directly below the epiphyseal
regions. It is suggested that the fluorine intake caused an increased rate of bone resorption in the primary and secondary spongiosa.
The proportion of the epiphysis occupied by hypertrophied cartilage cells was found to be a reliable measure of the rate of bone growth under the conditions of this experiment.
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Deterioration of teeth and alveolar bone loss due to chronic environmental high-level fluoride and low calcium exposure
OBJECTIVES: Health risks due to chronic exposure to highly fluoridated groundwater could be underestimated because fluoride might not only influence the teeth in an aesthetic manner but also seems to led to dentoalveolar structure changes. Therefore, we studied the tooth and alveolar bone structures of Dorper sheep chronically exposed to
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Combined effects of diets with reduced calcium and phosphate and increased fluoride intake on vertebral bone strength and histology in rats
Ingested fluoride is incorporated into bone apatite and can affect the structural integrity of bone. Fluoride absorption in the gut and incorporation into bone is affected by the presence of other ions, including calcium. We hypothesized that a low calcium phosphate diet combined with high fluoride intake would have independent
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High fluoride and low calcium levels in drinking water is associated with low bone mass, reduced bone quality and fragility fractures in sheep
Chronic environmental fluoride exposure under calcium stress causes fragility fractures due to osteoporosis and bone quality deterioration, at least in sheep. Proof of skeletal fluorosis, presenting without increased bone density, calls for a review of fracture incidence in areas with fluoridated groundwater, including an analysis of patients with low bone
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Histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest bone biopsies in placebo-treated versus fluoride-treated subjects
In a 4-year controlled, prospective trial, histomorphometric analysis was used to compare the tissue-level skeletal effects of fluoride therapy in 43 postmenopausal women (75 mg NaF/day) with those of 35 matching placebo subjects; all subjects received 1500 mg/day elemental calcium supplement. In addition to an initial, baseline biopsy, a second
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Effect of fluoride on reactive oxygen species and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women.
A study was made of the effects of fluoride (F) on the antioxidant defense systems of postmenopausal women residing in a fluorotic and a nonfluorotic village in Chitoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Twenty-five postmenopausal women (approximately 10 years postmenopause, mean age 57 years) residing in endemic fluorotic Adharam and nonfluorotic
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Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity
It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,
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Fluoride Exposure Increases Metabolic Requirement for Calcium & Vitamin D
It is well known that individuals with nutrient deficiencies are more susceptible to fluoride toxicity, including fluoride's bone effects. As discussed in the following studies, fluoride increases the skeleton's need for calcium (and vitamin D) by increasing the amount of unmineralized tissue (osteoid) in the bone. When insufficient calcium and
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Fluoride & Rickets
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid (unmineralized bone) content of bone. When bones have too much osteoid, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. When osteomalacia develops during childhood, it is called "rickets." The potential for fluoride
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Fluoride Exposure Increases Metabolic Requirement for Magnesium
Fluoride's toxicity is significantly enhanced in the presence of nutritional deficiencies. Similarly, fluoride exposure increases the body's requirement for certain nutrients. An individual with a high intake of fluoride, for example, will need a proportional increase in calcium to avoid the mineralization defects (e.g., osteomalacia) that fluoride causes to bone
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"Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis
As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.
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