Abstract
SUMMARY: Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups of eight rats each (female:male = 3:1). With one untreated group as a control group, the other three groups were administered, respectively, high fluoride in their drinking water (100 mg F/L from NaF), low iodine in their chow (0.0855 mg/kg), or both the high fluoride and low iodine together, in order to assess the effects of the three treatments on oxidative stress in the brain of offspring rats. After the animal model was established, the rats were allowed to breed, and 36 offspring rats in each group (female:male = 1:1) were randomly selected for the experiment. These rats were given the same treatment for the next 90 days as their parents. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the brain of the combined high fluoride and low iodine group were significantly higher during and at the end of the 90-day period than in the control group, but the SOD/MDA ratio in this high fluoride and low iodine group was consistently lower than in the control group. These results suggest that brain stress from high fluoride and low iodine is one of the causes of reduction in learning and memory in offspring rats.
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[Effects of high fluoride and low Iodine on learning-memory and TchE of brain in offspring rats].
Objective To study the effect of high level fluoride and low level iodine on learning-memory in offspring rats and possible mechanism. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups each of eight (female:male=(3:1).) The rats were treated with high fluoride (100 and 150 mg NaF/L), low iodine (0.0855 mg/kg),
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Effects of high fluoride and arsenic on brain biochemical indexes and learning-memory in rats
Nine-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 24 rats in each group (female:male = 1:1). Over a period up to 90 days, with one untreated group as controls, the other three groups were administered, respectively, high fluoride (100 mg NaF/L), high arsenic (50 mg As2O3/L), or both
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The relationships between thyroid-stimulating hormone and/or dopamine levels in peripheral blood and IQ in children with different urinary iodine concentrations.
Highlights TSH is not related IQ in children with different urinary iodine concentrations. Dopamine in plasma is unrelated to IQ in children with adequate or excessive iodine. Dopamine has positive correlation with intelligence in iodine deficiency group. The interaction between dopamine in plasma and TSH is not related to
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The relationship of a low-iodine and high-fluoride environment to subclinical cretinism in Xinjiang.
Cretinism in iodine-deficiency areas is well known, yet the milder forms of somatic and psychomotor maldevelopment and thyroid dysfunction caused by iodine deficiency may be more difficult to detect. DeQuervain, in 1936, called this milder form "semi-cretinism," while in 1980 Laggasse used the term "cretinoidism." It was formally named "subclinical
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A study of the intellectual ability of 8-14 year-old children in high fluoride, low iodine areas.
Wechsler Intelligence Test IQ scores of 160 children, 8–14 years old, from nine schools in an area of high fluoride and low iodine averaged 64.8 compared with 85.0 (p<0.01) for 169 children of the same ages from seven schools in an area with low iodine only. Among the first group
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are 78 studies reporting reduced IQ (75 studies with children and 3 studies with adults) and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link
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Mayo Clinic: Fluoridation & Bone Disease in Renal Patients
The available evidence suggests that some patients wtih long-term renal failure are being affected by drinking water with as little as 2 ppm fluoride. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers and if fluoride is indeed the cause. It would seem prudent, therefore, to monitor the fluoride intake of patients with renal failure living in high fluoride areas.
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Fluoride, Water Hardness, and Endemic Goitre
Variations in goitre prevalence were found to correlate closely with the fluoride content (p=0-74; P<0-01) and with the hardness (p=0.77; P<0-01) of the water in each village. The effects of fluoride and water hardness seem to be independent.
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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