Abstract
The relation between fluoride level in drinking water and the incidence of congenital heart disease in Iowa was studied by means of a hybrid case-control design. Controls (n = 2,172) were randomly selected from the birth tapes of the State of Iowa between January 1, 1983 and December 31, 1987, and frequency matched by time of conception with cases of intracardiac blood flow defect (n = 543) ascertained through the Birth Defects Registry of lowa. Potential confounding factors included levels of nitrate in drinking water, chlorination status and source of drinking water, demographic characteristics of parents, gestational age, and birth weight of infants. Logistic regression analysis yielded an adjusted odds ratio of 1.58 (95% confidence-interval (CI) 1.10-2.26) for fluoride exposure. With further adjustment for the percentage of farming population in the maternal county of residence, a variable highly correlated with fluoride exposure, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.15 (95% CI 0.79-1.77). These results suggest that further studies are warranted to evaluate the effects of farming and fluoride in drinking water on the occurrence of intracardiac blood flow defects.
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Sudden cardiac death from acute fluoride intoxication: the role of potassium.
The mechanism of sudden cardiac death following acute fluoride intoxication has been thought to result from profound hypocalcemia produced by the precipitation of calcium fluoride salts. In studies of a canine model, the onset of lethal ventricular arrhythmias was temporally more associated with an elevation of serum potassium than with
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Analyses of ECGs in 271 cases with dental fluorosis
Our team performed investigations in Yuqing Village and Guanfang Village (1) which were seriously affected by endemic fluorosis, from September to October 1985; those two villages are only 1,500 meters distant from Mangbu District of Zhenxiong County, and the life and production conditions in these two villages are similar to
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Studies on the DNA and RNA contents of heart, liver and kidney of rats with chronic fluorosis
17 rats with chronic fluorosis induced by prolonged drinking of water containing 50 ppm fluorine and 17 rats drinking low-fluorine water served as control were used to study the DNA and RNA contents of heart, liver and kidney. The findings suggest that excessive accumulation of fluorine can suppress the synthesis
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Observations of two-dimensional (2D) echocardiograms in patients with fluorine-associated aortic sclerosis
Forty-six patients with endemic fluorosis were assigned to 4 subgroups based on their age and then received echocardiograms that were compared with echocardiograms of 46 healthy cases in a region affected by fluorosis and 46 healthy cases in a region unaffected by fluorosis via observations; a preliminary exploration was made
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Systemic effects of fluoridated water on rats.
The biological effects of fluoride were investigated on rats fed pure spring water (natural F- concentration = 0.2 ppm) or spring water enriched with NaF to result 0.8, 1.1 or 2.2 ppm F- during 180 days. The main effects of fluoride have been: 1. Electrocardiographic recordings showed a significant reduction of the
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Fluoride & Myocardial Damage
Structural damage to the heart resulting from fluoride toxicity has been observed in numerous human and animal studies. The general features of this damage include cloudy swelling, vacuolization or vacuolar degeneration, hemorrhages, interstitial edema, fibrous necrosis, dissolution of nuclei, and thickening of the vessel walls in the heart muscle (Basha
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Fluoride & Electrocardiogram Abnormalities
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. An ECG can reveal heart rate, heart rhythym (i.e. steady or irregular), and the strength and timing of the heart’s natural electrical signals. ECGs are described in terms of “waves” (e.g. amplitude and duration). Problems
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Fluoride, Blood Pressure and Hypertension
Individuals with blood pressure readings that exceed 140/90 are considered hypertensive. Hypertension can increase the risk of stroke, heart attack, heart failure, aortic aneurysms, and peripheral arterial disease. An association between increased fluoride in ground water and increased prevalence of hypertension has been observed, especially among adult males (Amini et
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Fluoride & Arteriosclerosis
Healthy arteries are flexible and elastic, allowing efficient transfer of blood and nutrients from the heart to the rest of the body. Arteriosclerosis refers to a stiffening of the arteries, including loss of elasticity. This is a slow, progressive disease that may begin early in life from damage to the
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Fluoride & Arterial Calcification
The major change involved with cardiovascular disease is development of atherosclerosis in critical arteries, which is partially characterized by vascular calcification. The level of coronary artery calcification is thought to be the most important indicator of future cardiovascular events. Increased arterial calcifications have frequently been reported in those with skeletal fluorosis
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