Abstract
1. Twenty-three cases of fluoride osteosclerosis are presented.
2. These cases were gathered from 170,000 roentgenographic examinations of the spine and pelvis of patients living in Texas and Oklahoma where many communities have excessive fluoride content in their drinking water.
3. In each case, adequate clinical examination failed to establish any relationship between the roentgenologic findings and clinical diagnosis of the patient’s condition.
4. Fluoride osteosclerosis developing in the patient exposed over a period of many years to fluorides as high as 8 ppm, causes no harmful changes.
5. Fluoride osteosclerosis is not evidenced roentgenographically in the patient drinking water with a fluoride content of less than 4 ppm.
6. In the patient presenting roentgen evidence of sclerosis of the bone, calcification of the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments is a distinct aid in the diagnosis of fluoride osteosclerosis.
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Radiological criteria of industrial fluorosis
The bone radiographs of 43 potroom workers in an aluminium factory, on whom the diagnosis of industrial fluorosis had been confirmed by bone biopsy, are compared with radiographs from 18 control subjects. A higher frequency of ossification of ligament, tendon, and muscle attachments is observed among the fluoride exposed subjects.
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Fluoride osteosclerosis simulating carcinoma of the prostate with widespread bony metastasis: a case report
A case of extensive fluoride osteosclerosis is presented because of its roentgenographic similarity to carcinoma of the prostate with widespread bony metastasis. Roentgenographic manifestation of the effects of fluoride in human bones occurs only rarely and is infrequently recognized. Although no treatment is indicated in this condition, it should be
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Further observations on endemic fluoride-induced osteopathies in children
Fluoro-osteopathy has been described in four clildren aged 6 or above, These observations contrast with the concept that skeletal fluorosis cannot develop prior to 10 to 20 years of high fluoride intake. The pathogenesis and the mechanism underlying the causation of this disease is discussed on the basis of the
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Bone mineral structure after six years fluoride treatment investigated by backscattered electron imaging (BSEI) and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS): a case report
NaF, a bone formation stimulating agent, is used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Controversy exists concerning the quality of the newly formed bone and the antifracture effectiveness. We report about a 70 years old woman, who had received 50 mg NaF/d for about 6 years. Calcium or Vit D supplements
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Screening vs. individual detection of industrial fluorosis: a decision analysis model
In preventive medicine and occupational health, decision-makers face uncertainty, divergent opinions, and varying needs. In the Swiss aluminum industry, screening for industrial fluorosis illustrates how decision analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis can provide rational and explicit models of decision-making in such contexts. Data on fluoride-exposed potroom workers are used to compare
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Skeletal Fluorosis: The Misdiagnosis Problem
It is a virtual certainty that there are individuals in the general population unknowingly suffering from some form of skeletal fluorosis as a result of a doctor's failure to consider fluoride as a cause of their symptoms. Proof that this is the case can be found in the following case reports of skeletal fluorosis written by doctors in the U.S. and other western countries. As can be seen, a consistent feature of these reports is that fluorosis patients--even those with crippling skeletal fluorosis--are misdiagnosed for years by multiple teams of doctors who routinely fail to consider fluoride as a possible cause of their disease.
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Fluoride & Osteoarthritis
While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.
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"Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis
As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.
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Fluoride & Osteomalacia
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid content of bone. Osteoid is unmineralized bone tissue. When bones have too much of it, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. As shown below, fluoride has repeatedly been
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Mayo Clinic: Fluoridation & Bone Disease in Renal Patients
The available evidence suggests that some patients wtih long-term renal failure are being affected by drinking water with as little as 2 ppm fluoride. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers and if fluoride is indeed the cause. It would seem prudent, therefore, to monitor the fluoride intake of patients with renal failure living in high fluoride areas.
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