Abstract
Reaction with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was used to investigate in vitro stimulatory (hormesis) effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on kidney cells collected from three-day-old Sprague-Dawley male rats. The cell cultures were exposed to incremental concentrations of NaF ranging from of 0 (control) to 160 ?mol/L and from 500 to 16,000 ?mol/L. The mean optical density (OD) ± SD decreased from the control value of 0.591±0.119 to a minimum of 0.468±0.065 at 20 ?mol NaF/L before returning to the control level near 160 ?mol/L. At 500 ?mol/L the OD was 0.545±0.066, after which it decreased monotonically to 0.387±0.046 at 4000 ?mol/L, with cell death being complete at 16,000 ?mol/L. These results indicate that 20 ?mol/L is the lowest concentration at which a stimulatory (hormesis) effect of NaF is observed in kidney cell cultures of very young rats. In addition, results of flow cytometry and RNA detection confirmed these MTT findings.
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.
Comment on Effects of fluoridation of community water supplies for people with chronic kidney disease. [Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007, Oct;22(10):2763-7.] Sir, Ludlow et al. [1] only confirmed that our knowledge of the potential adverse effects of chronic low fluoride supplementation of drinking water on normal or diseased kidneys is insufficient. More than
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Significance of Mg-hardness and fluoride in drinking water on chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Monaragala, Sri Lanka.
Highlights Geochemistry of groundwater in a CKDu hotspot was investigated as a case-control study. Comparatively higher Mg and fluoride levels were found in affected regions. Excess fluoride and hardness in drinking water could enhance the tubular injury. Nephrotoxic trace elements such as As, Pb, and Cd, etc. were below
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Fluoride-induced chronic renal failure
Renal fluoride toxicity in human beings is difficult to assess in the literature. Although experimental studies and research on methoxyflurane toxicity have shown frank renal damage, observations of renal insufficiency related to chronic fluoride exposure are scarce. We report a case of fluoride intoxication related to potomania of Vichy water,
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Renal function in residents of an endemic fluorosis area in southern Algeria
Kidney damage in distal and proximal tubular function and in glomerular filtration occurred in 40-60 yr olds residing in El Qued an endemic fluorosis area in southern Algeria compared to normals from Algiers. Functional renal disturbances were proportional to the degree of fluoride (F-) accumulation which increased in relation to
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Hesperidin protects liver and kidney against sodium fluoride-induced toxicity through anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic mechanisms.
Highlights Hesperidin prevented NaF-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Hesperidin attenuated NaF-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Hesperidin reduced NaF-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Aim High dose of fluoride intake is associated with toxic effects on liver and kidney tissues. One approach to tackle these toxicities is using natural antioxidants as supplements. This study evaluated
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Fluoride as a Cause of Kidney Disease in Animals
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Kidney: A potential target for fluoride toxicity
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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Fluoride as a Cause of Kidney Disease in Humans
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Fluoride Gels & Kidney Function
Scientists have found that the application of "Fluoride Gels" at the dental office causes very high spikes in the blood fluoride level. The high spikes in blood fluoride levels are a result of three factors: the high concentration of fluoride in the gel (= 12.3 mg of fluoride in each
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