Abstract
Effects of morphine and aluminum fluoride on field potentials evoked in hippocampal pyramidal cells were investigated revealing the physiological significance of adenylate cyclase in morphine action. Dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (db-cAMP) reduces the amplitude of potentials, while morphine enhances it. Morphine was without effects on db-cAMP induced reduction of potentials. Aluminum fluoride, known to activate GTP binding proteins, also reduced potentials and this was antagonized by morphine. Furthermore, N-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulphonamide dihydrochloride (H-8), a protein kinase A inhibitor, enhanced potentials. When GABA synthesis was inhibited by 3-mercaptopropinoic acid, both morphine and db-cAMP was without effect. These results suggested the inhibition of adenylate cyclase by morphine which might be related with the reduction of GABA release in hippocampal slices.
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Comet assay of DNA damage in brain cells of adult rats exposed to high fluoride and low iodine.
Thirty-two one-month-old Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into four equal groups of eight (female:male = 3:1). To assess damage to DNA in their brain cells, the first group (1) of rats served as the untreated control, the second group (2) was administered high fluoride (HiF, 100 mg NaF/L in the drinking water), the third group
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Fluoride exposure decreased neurite formation on cerebral cortical neurons of SD rats in vitro.
Fluoride, a geochemical element, can damage the brain and result in dysfunction of the central nervous system. In recent years, fluoride-induced neurotoxicity has become one of research focuses of environmental toxicology. Our previous study showed that fluoride could induce the structural damages of the cerebral cortex and reduce the learning
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Effects of fluoride on the tissue oxidative stress and apoptosis in rats: biochemical assays supported by IR spectroscopy data.
The mechanism underlying the toxicity of fluoride still remains unknown. To investigate the effects of different doses of fluoride on blood and tissue oxidative stress and apoptosis, we exposed male rats to three doses of fluoride (10, 50 and 100ppm in drinking water) for a period of 10 weeks. The
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Using the Raven’s standard progressive matrices to determine the effects of the level of fluoride in drinking water on the intellectual ability of school-age children
Children, aged 9–10½, from 22 villages in Jing County, Hubei Province, China, with different levels of fluoride in the drinking water were tested for their IQs according to the revised version of Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices. Among 141 children in villages with 2.1–4.0 ppm F in the drinking water, 34
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Fluoride and arsenic exposure impairs learning and memory and decreases mGluR5 expression in the hippocampus and cortex in rats.
Fluoride and arsenic are two common inorganic contaminants in drinking water that are associated with impairment in child development and retarded intelligence. The present study was conducted to explore the effects on spatial learning, memory, glutamate levels, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) expression in the hippocampus and cortex
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride & IQ: 69 Studies
As of June 2021, a total of 77 studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. Of these investigations, 69 studies have found that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans, while over 60 animal studies have found that fluoride exposure impairs the learning and/or
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