Abstract

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    Fluoride accumulates and is toxic to bones. Clinical bone lesions occur in a phased manner, being less severe early in the natural course of skeletal fluorosis. Previous research rarely focused on osteocyte, osteoclast, and osteoblast at the same time, although these three types of cells are involved in the process

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  • Fluoride Increases Osteoid Content of Bone

    Fluoride's ability to increase the osteoid content of bone is now undisputed. Osteoid is an unmineralized tissue in bone that, in the normal bone remodeling process, ultimately becomes calcified. As some observers have noted, "[t]he main histological change induced by fluoride is the increase of osteoid volume." (Arnala 1985). One way fluoride

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    As noted by the National Research Council, "[p]erhaps the single clearest effect of fluoride on the skeleton is its stimulation of osteoblast proliferation." (NRC 2006). Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. "Stimulatory effects of fluoride on osteoblasts result in formation of osteoid, which subsequently undergoes mineralization." (Fisher RL, et al. 1989). If the new