Abstract
Children are widely viewed as the population subgroup that is most vulnerable to the toxicities that result from exposure to environmental chemicals. Their enhanced vulnerability is due to a variety of behavioral and physiologic factors. For many chemicals, the central nervous system (CNS) is the most sensitive target organ. In general, the impacts depend on a chemical’s mode of action, the dose, and the stage of development at which exposure occurs. This paper surveys the toxicology of environmental chemicals, specifically the impacts on children’s intellectual development. It focuses on metals (or metalloids), including mercury, lead, arsenic, fluoride, as well as on pesticides, air pollution, synthetic organic chemicals, and endocrine disruptors. The final section discusses issues germane to estimating the global burden of disease associated with exposures to neurotoxic environmental chemicals.
Original abstract online at http://pm.amegroups.com/article/view/4617/html
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Psychopharmacology of fluoride: a review
Although the blood-brain barrier is relatively impermeable to fluoride, it does not pose an absolute barrier and fluoride has the ability to enter the brain. The literature was examined to assess the quality of the evidence for cerebral impairment occurring due to exposure to fluoride from therapeutic or environmental sources.
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The impact of endemic fluorosis caused by the burning of coal on the development of intelligence in children.
Objective: To explore the effect of endemic fluorosis caused by coal burning on the level of intelligence in children. The Method: We randomly selected 20 school children from 4 areas between the ages of 8[1]12, whose characteristics fit the scope of our research. They were chosen from slight, moderate, and severe endemic
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Decreased intelligence in children and exposure to fluoride and arsenic in drinking water.
Recent evidence suggests that fluoride (F) and arsenic (As) may adversely affect intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. We explore the association between exposure to F and As in drinking water and intelligence in children. Three rural communities in Mexico with contrasting levels of F and As in drinking water were studied:
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The effects of high levels of fluoride and iodine on intellectual ability and the metabolism of fluoride and iodine.
The authors carried out a study on the intellectual abilities and fluoride/iodine metabolism of children living in a high fluoride-high iodine area. Among the results: the percentage of the general population living in this fluoride/iodine-contaminated region that suffered from goiter (clinical thyroid enlargement) was 3.8%, the rate of children already showing some thyroid
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[Effects of fluoride and arsenic in drinking water on children's intelligence].
Objective: To study the effect of fluoride and arsenic exposure in drinking water on children’s intelligence ,and to provide scientific basis for children’s health protection. Methods: Two hundred and sixty-eight pupils in Hangjinhou Qi,Inner Mongolia were selected as subjects. Fluoride and arsenic in drinking water were determined. The Chinese combined Raven’s
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
Note: See the Updated list of fluoride IQ studies at https://fluoridealert.org/researchers/fluoride-iq-studies/the-fluoride-iq-studies/ • As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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