Abstract
The water-extractable fluoride content of nine packed teas, ten instant tea powders, and ten tea beverages manufactured in China, Japan, Taiwan, and the USA was determined by the fluoride ion specific electrode method. Among the black, green, and Oolong packed teas, the F content ranged from 41.5 to 212.4 mg F/kg tea. Among the instant tea powders, the range was broader: 25.9 to 631.3 mg F/kg tea, the latter in a black tea from Taiwan. The bottled and canned tea beverages had fluoride concentrations ranging from 0.20 to 1.80 mg F/L, with the highest in Oolong tea beverages. Chronic toxic levels of fluoride consumption from some of these tea products are possible. The packaging paper of packed teas and the addition of milk had no effect the fluoride concentrations in the infusions.
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Risk assessment of fluoride intake from tea in the Republic of Ireland and its implications for public health and water fluoridation
The Republic of Ireland (RoI) is the only European Country with a mandatory national legislation requiring artificial fluoridation of drinking water and has the highest per capita consumption of black tea in the world. Tea is a hyperaccumulator of fluoride and chronic fluoride intake is associated with multiple negative health
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Fluorosis induced by drinking brick tea
Fluorosis in China has been known to be induced by two main causes. One is water-dependent fluorosis caused by a long-time consumption of high-fluoride (F) containing water. The other is called "coal-burning type fluorosis", caused by inhalation of air polluted by coal smoke and/or ingestion of food exposed to coal
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Effect of excessive green tea versus fluoride and caffeine on body weight and serum thyroid hormones in male mice
Green tea is a worldwide used beverage rich in fluoride and caffeine. To study the effect of excessive green tea intake versus fluoride and caffeine on body weight and serum thyroid hormones in male mice. Also, to confirm the effect of excessive green tea intake on thyroid gland was due
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Urinary Fluoride Levels among Canadians with and without Community Water Fluoridation.
Drinking water is a major source of dietary fluoride intake in communities with water fluoridation. We examined the association between urinary fluoride adjusted for specific gravity (UFSG) and tap water fluoride levels, by age and sex, among individuals living in Canada. Participants included 1629 individuals aged 3 to 79 years
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Analysis of the fluoride levels of well water and tea consumed by the Moroccan population in different rural areas.
Fluoride plays a fundamental part in human health. However, continued ingestion of excessive fluoride may cause significant negative health effects on people, ranging from mild dental fluorosis to crippling skeletal fluorosis, depending on the level and time of exposure to fluorides. In provincial areas, the presence of fluoride in well
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Fluoride Content of Tea
Tea, particularly tea drinks made with lower quality older leaves, contain high levels of fluoride. Because of these high levels, research has found that individuals who drink large amounts of tea can develop skeletal fluorosis -- a painful bone disease caused by excessive fluoride intake. Since skeletal fluorosis is often misdiagnosed by
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Skeletal Fluorosis in the U.S.
Although there has been a notable absence of systematic studies on skeletal fluorosis in the U.S., the available evidence indicates that the consumption of artificially fluoridated water is likely to cause skeletal fluorosis and other forms of bone disease in people with kidney disease and other vulnerable populations.
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The Lancet: Fluoride Studies in a Patient with Arthritis
It is possible that fluoride intake from tea may be sufficient to cause fluorosis, and I report here a case which gives some evidence for this.
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Tea Intake Is a Risk Factor for Skeletal Fluorosis
A number of recent studies have found that heavy tea drinkers can develop skeletal fluorosis - a bone disease caused by excessive intake of fluoride.
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Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality.
J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jul 14;52(14):4472-6. Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality. Lu Y, Guo WF, Yang XQ. Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China. Abstract: The tea plant is known as a fluorine accumulator. Fluoride (F) content in fresh leaves collected
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