Abstract

Monoaminergic neurotransmission is a key element in the physiopathology of depressive disorders, but information is still sparse on animal models of this disease. Here, we used the olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) model of depression to characterize cAMP-second messenger signaling pathways, i.e., adenylyl cyclase activity (basal, sodium fluoride (NaF)- and forskolin-stimulated conditions) as well as Gi and Gs protein levels in different regions of the limbic system. Two weeks after surgery and compared to sham controls, OBX rats displayed reduced NaF-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity and increased Gi/Gs ratios in the hypothalamus, pre-frontal and cingulate cortices but not in the amygdala, hippocampus and caudate nucleus. No differences were found in basal or forskolin-stimulated conditions. The observed reduction of adenylyl cyclase activity induced by NaF and the increase in the Gi/Gs ratio could explain the changes in neurotransmission in OBX rats as well as in humans with depression.

• Related Studies :

  • JNK and NADPH oxidase involved in fluoride-induced oxidative stress in BV-2 microglia cells.

    Abstract Excessive fluoride may cause central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, and oxidative stress is a recognized mode of action of fluoride toxicity. In CNS, activated microglial cells can release more reactive oxygen species (ROS), and NADPH oxidase (NOX) is the major enzyme for the production of extracellular superoxide in microglia. ROS

  • Effects of fluoride accumulation on some enzymes of brain and gastrocnemius muscle of mice

    This study reports accumulation of fluoride and altered activities of some enzymes involved in free-radical metabolism and membrane function in whole brain and gastrocnemius muscle of female mice treated with NaF (20mg/kg/body weight) for 14 days. The body weight and somatic index were decreased, whereas fluoride levels were significantly increased

  • Role of triphala on fluoride neuorotoxicity in the rat

    To investigate effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the cerebellum cerebral hemisphere brain of rats and its possible amelioration by the popular Ayurvedic herbal health product triphala, adult female Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were administered 10 mg NaF/kg bw/day and 30 mg triphala/kg bw/day for 30 days. A significant decline in body and brain

  • The effect of fluorine exposure of pregnant rats on the learning and memory capabilities of baby rats

    Objective: Explore the effect and possible mechanisms of fluorine exposure of pregnant rats passing through placental barriers on the learning and memory capabilities of baby rats. Method: Open field behavior and a water maze test were used to observe the effects on the spontaneous behavior and learning and memory on baby

  • Confirmation of and explanations for elevated blood lead and other disorders in children exposed to water disinfection and fluoridation chemicals

    Silicofluorides (SiFs), fluosilicic acid (FSA) and sodium fluosilicate (NaFSA), are used to fluoridate over 90% of US fluoridated municipal water supplies. Living in communities with silicofluoride treated water (SiFW) is associated with two neurotoxic effects: (1) Prevalence of children with elevated blood lead (PbB>10microg/dL) is about double that in non-fluoridated

• Related FAN Content :

  • Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals

    An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out

  • Fluoride & IQ: 70 Studies

    As of June 2021, a total of 78 studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. Of these investigations, 70 studies have found that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans, while over 60 animal studies have found that fluoride exposure impairs the learning and/or

  • Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.

    Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching

  • Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies

    The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.

  • NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects

    The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.