Abstract
The possible mechanism concerning decreased alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) influenced by fluorosis was investigated. SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to fluoride within the range of 0.05-5 mM [corrected] or ferrous iron (1-100 mM) [corrected] a free radical inducer. The levels of alpha 7 nAChR expression, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were detected. The results showed that both high-concentrations of fluoride and ferrous iron induced increased levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in SH-SY5Y cells with concentration-dependent manners. In addition, inhibition of alpha 7 nAChR at protein level was observed in the cells exposed to high amounts of fluoride or ferrous iron. Furthermore, a declined value of Bmax in [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites was found in the cells treated with the high-concentration of fluoride. Interestingly, antioxidants (vitamin E and glutathione) can attenuate the inhibition of the receptor induced by fluoride. These findings suggest that oxidative stress resulted from fluorosis might directly induce the deficit of alpha 7 nAChR.
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Lipid peroxidation in fluorosis and the protective role of dietary factors
The influence of chronic Fl intoxication on lipid peroxidation and the state of the antioxidant system was studied in rats on different diets. Chronic Fl intoxication inhibited antioxidant activity and caused an increase in the rate of peroxidation and the level of lipoperoxides in liver, brain and serum. Diets with
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Protective role of gallic acid on sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat brain
Gallic acid is known as a potent antioxidant active compound of the edible and medicinal plant Peltiphyllum peltatum. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of gallic acid against sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Gallic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) and vitamin C
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Protective effects of curcumin against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain
We examined effects of a plant polyphenolic compound, curcumin, against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Five experimental groups of male rats (10 animals each) were compared. Animals of these experimental groups were treated with curcumin (10 and 20 mg/kg body mass), vitamin C (10 mg/kg), and sample solvent
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Neuroprotective effect of ascorbic acid and ginkgo biloba against fluoride caused neurotoxicity
Excessive consumption of fluoride through drinking water or other sources lead to skeletal and dental fluorosis. According to the world health organization 23 nations are facing the problem of fluorosis. In the recent past researchers describe the non-skeletal fluorosis where soft tissues and major organs are the victims of fluoride
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Mitigating role of quercetin against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain
CONTEXT: Quercetin is a well known aglycone flavonoid that is widely found in different food sources. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the in vivo neuroprotective potential of quercetin against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into five treatment groups and then subjected to daily
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Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity
It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,
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Fluoride & Oxidative Stress
A vast body of research demonstrates that fluoride exposure increases oxidative stress. Based on this research, it is believed that fluoride-induced oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the various toxic effects associated with fluoride exposure. It is also well established that fluoride's toxic effects can be ameliorated by exposure
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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