Abstract
In 1982, 29 7-day-old American kestrel (Falco sparverius) chicks from captive stock were randomly assigned to one of three dietary regimens: (1) 10 birds were fed daily with cockerel mash (0 ppm of F-: control birds); (2) 10 birds were fed daily with cockerel mash containing 1,120 ppm of F-; (3) 9 birds were fed daily with cockerel mash containing 2,240 ppm of F-. Growth of the kestrels was not significantly affected by NaF in their diet. No significant differences were found among the 3 groups for length of duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Rectum was longer as more fluoride was added to the diet. Weights of adrenals, brain, gizzard, spleen, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and pectoral muscle were not significantly affected by treatment, although kidneys, spleen and adrenals tended to become lighter. Percent bone ash was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased, while bone breaking strength was significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased by treatment.
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Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards.
Excerpts: Summary Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to establish exposure standards for contaminants in public drinking-water systems that might cause any adverse effects on human health. These standards include the maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG), the maximum contaminant level (MCL), and the secondary
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Evaluation of the toxicity of fluorine in Antarctic krill on soft tissues of Wistar rats
Antarctic krill are a potential food source for humans and animals, but krill are known to contain high levels of fluorine (F). In this study, we investigated the toxicity of F in Antarctic krill using Wistar rats. There were three experimental groups: The control group were fed a basal diet,
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Fluoride intoxication and possible changes in mitochondrial membrane microviscosity and organ histology in rats
Fluoride exposure to rats can alter system physiology and biochemistry and results in abnormal organ function. Mitochondria, the power house of the cell can be act as a marker to identify fluoride mediated oxidative damage through changes of mitochondrial micro viscosity. Male albino rats were fed with 5 ppm, 10
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Fluorosis by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, National Health, India.
Introduction Fluorosis is a crippling disease resulted from deposition of fluorides in the hard and soft tissues of body. It is a public health problem caused by excess intake of fluoride through drinking water/food products/industrial pollutants over a long period. Ingestion of excess fluoride, most commonly in drinking-water affects the teeth
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Effects of fluoride and aluminum exposure to dams prior to and during gestation on mineral compositions of bone and selected soft tissues of female mice dams and pups.
Sixty-four CD-1 female mice were assigned to onez of four water treatment groups: Control (distilled, deionized water) (C); Fluoride (50 ppm F as NaF) (F); Aluminum (100 ppm Al as AlCl3) (Al); and Al & F (50 ppm F & 100 ppm Al) (AlF). One-half of the animals in each
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Mechanisms by which fluoride may reduce bone strength
Based on a large body of animal and human research, it is now known that fluoride ingestion can reduce bone strength and increase the rate of fracture. There are several plausible mechanisms by which fluoride can reduce bone strength. As discussed below, these mechanisms include: Reduction in Cortical Bone Density De-bonding of
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Skeletal Fluorosis Causes Bones to be Brittle & Prone to Fracture
It has been known since as the early as the 1930s that patients with skeletal fluorosis have bone that is more brittle and prone to fracture. More recently, however, researchers have found that fluoride can reduce bone strength before the onset of skeletal fluorosis. Included below are some of the
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Fluoride & Osteoarthritis
While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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Skeletal Fluorosis: The Misdiagnosis Problem
It is a virtual certainty that there are individuals in the general population unknowingly suffering from some form of skeletal fluorosis as a result of a doctor's failure to consider fluoride as a cause of their symptoms. Proof that this is the case can be found in the following case reports of skeletal fluorosis written by doctors in the U.S. and other western countries. As can be seen, a consistent feature of these reports is that fluorosis patients--even those with crippling skeletal fluorosis--are misdiagnosed for years by multiple teams of doctors who routinely fail to consider fluoride as a possible cause of their disease.
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