Abstract
The effects of renal function on urinary fluoride clearance and serum inorganic fluoride concentration were studied. Laboratory determinations including (1) creatinine clearance rate (CCR), (2) serum inorganic fluoride concentration, and (3) urinary fluoride concentration, were made on 122 hospital patients. Subjects were then divided into impaired, questionable and normal creatinine clearance groups. Respectively, the age adjusted mean serum inorganic fluoride concentrations were 0.035, 0.031 and 0.027 ug F/ml for males and 0.033, 0.026 and 0.029 ug F/ml for females. In neither sex were the differences among the three group means statistically significant. The mean urinary 24 hr fluoride excretions in the three groups were 0.30, 0.56 and 0.87 mg respectively for males and 0.24, 0.51 and 0.70 mg for females. For both sexes, the differences among the three group means were statistically significant (p < 0,01). The results suggest that in regions with low fluoride concentrations in the drinking water (0.1 ppm F), impaired creatinine clearance in human subjects is associated with a reduction in urinary clearance of fluoride without simultaneous elevation of serum inorganic fluoride concentration.
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The relationship between human ionic plasma fluoride and serum creatinine concentrations in cases of renal and cardiac insufficiency in a fluoridated community
Previous studies have shown that renal and cardiac insufficiency cause an elevation of ionic plasma fluoride (IPF) concentration in patients suffering from these diseases. The relationship between serum or plasma fluoride concentration and the degree of renal impairment has been tested only twice; with somewhat contrasting results, although some previous
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Renal osteodystrophy in patients on long-term hemodialysis with fluoridated water
Serum and bone fluoride concentrations of ten patients maintained on long-term hemodialysis with fluoridated water (1 ppm, i.e., 50uM) were correlated with duration of treatment and the occurrence of clinical, radiological, and histological manifestations of bone disease. Two patients had symptomatic renal osteodystrophy when accepted on the program, whereas six
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Exposure to excessive fluoride during hemodialysis
Discussion These data indicate that a patient maintained by hemodialysis in a community using fluoridated water may be exposed to a fluoride concentration higher than that present in tap water if the deionizer is allowed to become exhausted while the patient is being dialyzed. The concentration reached 520 uM in the
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Studies on serum fluoride and bone metabolism in patients with long term hemodialysis
With growing experience of the long-term treatment of patients with end stage renal disease by hemodialysis, the safety of fluoridated water supply for dialysate and the effect on the bone metabolism has been discussed. In this study, concentrations of fluoride (F), calcium (Ga). aluminum (AI) and biochemical indices of bone metabolism,
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Ionic plasma fluoride concentrations related to some diseases in patients from a fluoridated community
Little data is available concerning the relationship between variations in ionic plasma fluoride (IPF) concentrations and some diseases, and that which exists is inconclusive. The effect of renal insufficiency is known best, but the relationship between IPF levels and some oedematous diseases and diabetes has hardly been studied at all
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Kidney Patients Are at Increased Risk of Fluoride Poisoning
It is well established that individuals with kidney disease are susceptible to suffering bone damage and other ill effects from low levels of fluoride exposure. Kidney patients are at elevated risk because when kidneys are damaged they are unable to efficiently excrete fluoride from the body. As a result, kidney patients
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Mayo Clinic: Fluoridation & Bone Disease in Renal Patients
The available evidence suggests that some patients wtih long-term renal failure are being affected by drinking water with as little as 2 ppm fluoride. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers and if fluoride is indeed the cause. It would seem prudent, therefore, to monitor the fluoride intake of patients with renal failure living in high fluoride areas.
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Dental Fluorosis & Enamel Hypoplasia in Children with Kidney Disease
Children with kidney disease are known to have high levels of fluoride in their blood and to be at risk for disfiguring tooth defects. Research suggests that high levels of fluoride in blood, which can cause the tooth defect known as dental fluorosis, can contribute to the defects that occur
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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Skeletal Fluorosis in the U.S.
Although there has been a notable absence of systematic studies on skeletal fluorosis in the U.S., the available evidence indicates that the consumption of artificially fluoridated water is likely to cause skeletal fluorosis and other forms of bone disease in people with kidney disease and other vulnerable populations.
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