Abstract
The clinical manifestation of fluorosis has become rare over the past years. Although the use of fluoride medication in osteoporosis therapy remains controversial, past study results have led to a reduction in fluoride prescriptions. Several studies have shown minor biomechanical properties of newly built woven bone compared to original bone. Despite new prescription protocols, fluoride therapy should not be disregarded in the anamnesis of osteoporosis patients. In addition to conventional diagnostics in fluorosis, new techniques such as microanalysis and micro-CT-analysis show a diagnostic benefit. In this case, the edx-microanalysis results show an F concentration of over 1.0 wt% in bone. The ratio of bone to tissue volume, evaluated by micro-CT, is clearly elevated at 46% BV/TV. The histopathological preparation of the femoral head has made the possible effects of fluoride medication on bone visible and quantifiable. A direct causal relationship between coxarthrosis and fluoride medication, found both in our patient as well as in the literature, has not been demonstrated. In order to better understand the broad effects of fluoride medication in combination with coxarthrosis more studies are needed.
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Clinical features of early stages of occupational fluorosis under the combined and joint effect of production factors
Over 1000 workers of hydrofluoric and cryolite enterprises and electrolysis shops of aluminium enterprises were examined. Subjects exposed to soluble hydrofluorides presented in the early stage of chronic intoxication with a variety of syndromes, that was characteristic of intoxication with poisons of general toxic action with involvement of hepatobiliary, digestive,
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A comparative analysis of the results of multiple tests in patients with chronic industrial fluorosis
For this paper, X-rays, intelligence testing, fingernail fluorine content testing, electroencephalographs, and tests of nervous system symptoms and signs were performed on patients with chronic industrial fluorosis, as well as on workers who had worked in the same environment for shorter periods of time and were not diagnosed with industrial
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Occupational skeletal fluorosis
Conclusion Four cases of skeletal fluorosis are described in individuals who had been working in an aluminum plant for periods up to 12 yens. Two patients exhibited radiological changes indicative of the first stage of the disease and two of the second stage. All patients exhibited backache, pains in arms and
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Report of investigations on adult hand osteoarthritis in Fengjiabao Village, Asuo Village, and Qiancheng Village
Objective: To understand the relationship between fluorosis and adult osteoarthritis through the investigation of fluorosis-afflicted villages. Methods: X-ray radiography of right hands was performed on 227 adults over the age of 40 from fluorosis-afflicted villages, and adult osteoarthritis was diagnosed using accumulated scores based on the obtained results. Results: The identification rate
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Radiological criteria of industrial fluorosis
The bone radiographs of 43 potroom workers in an aluminium factory, on whom the diagnosis of industrial fluorosis had been confirmed by bone biopsy, are compared with radiographs from 18 control subjects. A higher frequency of ossification of ligament, tendon, and muscle attachments is observed among the fluoride exposed subjects.
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Fluoride & Osteoarthritis
While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.
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"Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis
As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.
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Skeletal Fluorosis: The Misdiagnosis Problem
It is a virtual certainty that there are individuals in the general population unknowingly suffering from some form of skeletal fluorosis as a result of a doctor's failure to consider fluoride as a cause of their symptoms. Proof that this is the case can be found in the following case reports of skeletal fluorosis written by doctors in the U.S. and other western countries. As can be seen, a consistent feature of these reports is that fluorosis patients--even those with crippling skeletal fluorosis--are misdiagnosed for years by multiple teams of doctors who routinely fail to consider fluoride as a possible cause of their disease.
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