Abstract
The neurotoxic effect of fluoride on lipid content of brain was assessed in rabbits during experimental fluorosis. Sodium fluoride at 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg body weight/day was injected subcutaneously for 100 days into 60 rabbits of both sexes. The control animals were given 1 cc distilled water/kg body weight/day for the same period. Biochemical studies showed hyperlipidemia, hyperphospholipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia in the brain of treated animals of both sexes. The maximum increase in total lipids, phospholipids and triglycerides of brain occurred in animals treated with 50 mg NaF/kg. In male rabbits, the cholesterol content of brain rose suddenly (p<0.001) in the 5 mg fluoride group, followed by gradual decline in 10, 20 and 50 mg fluoride groups. In females, the cholesterol level rose (p<0.001) in animals of the 5, 10 and 20 mg fluoride groups and fell suddenly in the 50 mg fluoride group. Fluoride exerts an inhibitory effect on the free fatty acids in brain of both sexes. The relevance of these results in experimental fluorosis is discussed.
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Activation of the AGE/RAGE system in the brains of rats and in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to high level of fluoride might connect to oxidative stress
To explore the mechanisms by which chronic fluorosis damages the brain, we determined the levels of the advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), the receptor for AGE (RAGE), NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brains of rats /and or SH-SY5Y cells exposed to different levels of sodium fluoride
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Effect of fluoride exposure on anxiety- and depression-like behavior in mouse.
Highlights Anxiety-like behavior was significantly altered in the mice exposed to NaF for 120 days. Depression-like behavior was significantly altered in the 120 days NaF treated mice. NaF significantly altered mRNA expression levels of anxiety- and depression-like related genes in the hippocampus. Fluoride led to an imbalance between excitation and
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Decreased learning and memory ability in rats with fluorosis: increased oxidative stress and reduced cholinesterase activity in the brain
The aim of this research was to study the mechanism of the decreased learning and memory of rats with chronic fluorosis. Compared with controls, decreased learning and memory ability, lower levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and increased content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissues were observed in both male
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Toxin-induced blood vessel inclusions caused by the chronic administration of Aluminum and Sodium fluoride and their implications for dementia
Until our knowledge of the etiology of Alzheimer's dementia, as well as related conditions involving mental impairments, is greatly extended, no line of investigation should be ignored. We believed that the possible contributions of aluminum exposure to neural impairments deserved further study. In coming to this opinion we were mindful
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EGb-761 attenuates the anti-proliferative activity of fluoride via DDK1 in PC-12 cells
EGb-761 is commonly used as a treatment for ischemic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases and some types of tumors (Christen and Maixent, in Cell Mol Biol 48(6):601-611, 2002). However, it is unclear whether EGb-761 affects the proliferation of cells exposed to fluoride. In this study, the proliferation and apoptosis of PC-12
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
• As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies which reported an association of reduced IQ with exposure
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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