Abstract
The neurotoxic effect of fluoride on lipid content of brain was assessed in rabbits during experimental fluorosis. Sodium fluoride at 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg body weight/day was injected subcutaneously for 100 days into 60 rabbits of both sexes. The control animals were given 1 cc distilled water/kg body weight/day for the same period. Biochemical studies showed hyperlipidemia, hyperphospholipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia in the brain of treated animals of both sexes. The maximum increase in total lipids, phospholipids and triglycerides of brain occurred in animals treated with 50 mg NaF/kg. In male rabbits, the cholesterol content of brain rose suddenly (p<0.001) in the 5 mg fluoride group, followed by gradual decline in 10, 20 and 50 mg fluoride groups. In females, the cholesterol level rose (p<0.001) in animals of the 5, 10 and 20 mg fluoride groups and fell suddenly in the 50 mg fluoride group. Fluoride exerts an inhibitory effect on the free fatty acids in brain of both sexes. The relevance of these results in experimental fluorosis is discussed.
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Fluoride-Induced Expression of Neuroinflammatory Markers and Neurophysiological Regulation in the Brain of Wistar Rat Model.
Excess fluoride intake has been linked with various pathological conditions. The objective of the present study was to understand the role of fluoride in neurotoxic, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative changes in the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Wistar rats were fed with water containing 20–100 ppm (ppm) sodium fluoride (NaF). An
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Effects of different levels of calcium intake on brain cell apoptosis in fluorosis rat offspring and its molecular mechanism
The purpose of the investigation is to reveal the influence of dietary calcium on fluorosis-induced brain cell apoptosis in rat offspring, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism. Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, fluoride group, low calcium, low calcium fluoride group, and high calcium
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Effects of fluoride on learning and memory and cholinesterase activity in rat brains.
Objective: To study the role of fluorosis on learning and memory in rat and its possible mechanisms; to explore the correlation between cholinesterase activity and the level of intelligence. Methods: SD rats divides into 3 group of stochastically according to the sex and the body weight, control group treated with
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Gut microbiota perturbations and neurodevelopmental impacts in offspring rats concurrently exposure to inorganic arsenic and fluoride.
Many “hot spot” geographic areas across the world with drinking water co-contaminated with inorganic arsenic (iAs) and fluoride (F-), two of the most common natural contaminants in drinking water. Both iAs and F- are known neurotoxins and affect neurodevelopment of children. However, very few studies have investigated the neurodevelopmental effects
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AMPK/p38/Nrf2 activation as a protective feedback to restrain oxidative stress and inflammation in microglia stimulated with sodium fluoride.
Highlights NaF-stimulated redox imbalance and inflammation. NaF activated the Nrf2 signaling in BV-2 cells and primary cultured microglia. Nrf2 activation exerts a neuroprotective effect on NaF-stimulated redox imbalance and inflammation. ROS-AMPK-p38 signaling is the upstream signaling pathway involved in NaF-induced Nrf2 activation. Dysregulated activation of inflammation plays an important role in the
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