Abstract

The physiological toxicity of sodium fluoride on antioxidant system, organizational structure and apoptosis of brain tissue in Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus were studied. Results showed that along with the increasing concentration of sodium fluoride, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities increased firstly and then were inhibited after 30 days exposure. The SOD and GSH activities decreased after 60 and 90 days exposure. The content of lipid peroxides (MDA) increased during the whole test period. After 90 days exposure, histopathological changes of brain tissue were observed. It was found that thrombosis and structural changes in the cell layers were resulted from the exposure of sodium fluoride. The biological investigation results showed that there was a positive correlation between the cell apoptosis rate and the MDA levels (r = 0. 9968), but with dosage increasing, Bcl-2 protein concentration decreased, which was positive correlated with SOD and GSH activities (r =0. 9198 and 0. 9889, respectively).

• Related Studies :

  • Rutin attenuates neurobehavioral deficits, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation and apoptosis in fluoride treated rats.

    Highlights The influence of rutin on fluoride – induced neurotoxicity in rat was studied. Rutin reversed the fluoride – induced neurobehavioral deficits in rats. Rutin reversed the fluoride – induced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in rat cerebrum and striatum. Rutin enhanced antioxidant status and inhibited neuro-inflammation and apoptosis in fluoride

  • Potential Role of Fluoride in the Etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease.

    The etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease has not been fully explained. Now, the disease is widely attributed both to genetic and environmental factors. It is believed that only a small percentage of new AD cases result solely from genetic mutations, with most cases attributed to environmental factors or to the interaction

  • Apoptotic and Degenerative Changes in the Enteric Nervous System Following Exposure to Fluoride During Pre- And Post-natal Periods.

    Children born in fluorosis endemic areas usually suffer from gastrointestinal complications and are unable to attain normal growth as per their age group. The enteric nervous system (ENS) controls gut movement and functions. It is highly vulnerable to any ingested toxins. Based on observations, it was hypothesized that fluoride exposure

  • Effects of sodium fluoride on lipid peroxidation and PARP, XBP-1 expression in PC12 cell

    This study aims to clarify the molecular mechanism of fluorine exposure that leads to nerve injury. PC12 cells were treated with fluorine at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mM). Cytoactivity was detected at different time points (2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h). After 2 h, DCF was used

  • Protective role of tert-butylhydroquinone against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells.

    The neurotoxicity of fluoride is associated with oxidative stress due to imbalance between production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, induction of detoxifying and antioxidant genes through activation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in preventing oxidative stress and apoptosis in neurodegenerative diseases. The present

• Related FAN Content :

  • Fluoride & Oxidative Stress

    A vast body of research demonstrates that fluoride exposure increases oxidative stress. Based on this research, it is believed that fluoride-induced oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the various toxic effects associated with fluoride exposure. It is also well established that fluoride's toxic effects can be ameliorated by exposure

  • Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.

    Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching

  • Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality.

    J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jul 14;52(14):4472-6. Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality. Lu Y, Guo WF, Yang XQ. Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China. Abstract: The tea plant is known as a fluorine accumulator. Fluoride (F) content in fresh leaves collected

  • Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain

    The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts

  • NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects

    The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.