Abstract
Treatment of the larvae of the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster with 10, 20, and 40 ppm of the F-containing insecticide cryolite (Na3AlF6) through its normal food resulted in abnormal morphology of its compound eye. A ridge-like appearance of the mechanosensory bristles of the ommatidia was apparent by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Interestingly, ommatidial disorganization was greater with 10 ppm cryolite than with 20 and 40 ppm. These results indicate that the use of cryolite as an insecticide in fruit orchards may cause morphological alterations in a non-target organism.
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Fluoride in California wines and raisins
Fluoride ion-selective electrode analyses of nineteen California wines revealed fluoride concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 2.80 ppm (mean 1.02 ppm , with seven samples above the international limit of 1 ppm). The water-extractable F content of five brands of California raisins varied from 0.83 to 5.20 ppm (mean 2.71 ppm).
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Fluoride ingestion in children: a review of 87 cases.
All cases of fluoride ingestion in children younger than 12 years old reported to the Rocky Mountain Poison Center between January 1 and December 31, 1986, were retrospectively reviewed. Eighty-seven cases were identified. Eighty-four cases involved accidental ingestion of dental fluoride products in the home (tablets, drops, rinses) in children
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Assessing fluoride concentrations of juices and juice-flavored drinks.
Few studies have investigated fluoride exposures from juices and juice-flavored drinks manufactured with water. In this study, the authors analyzed 532 juices and juice drinks for fluoride. Fluoride ion concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 2.80 parts per million, in part because of variations in fluoride concentrations of water used in production. Children's ingestion of fluoride from juices and juice-flavored
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Poisoning by organophosphorus nerve agents and pesticides: An overview of the principle strategies and current progress of mass spectrometry-based procedures for verification.
Highlights Evidence of poisoning with organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents requires biomedical verification. OP nerve agents undergo common biotransformation pathways producing valuable biomarkers. Internationally accepted methods target remaining poison, hydrolysis products and protein-adducts. Mass spectrometry-based methods provide optimum selectivity and sensitivity for identification. Methods, strategies, current proceedings, quality criteria and real
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Sulfuryl Fluoride Poisonings in Structural Fumigation, a Highly Regulated Industry-Potential Causes and Solutions.
Structural fumigations using sulfuryl fluoride for the extermination of dry-wood termites are conducted by the thousands in California and other warm-weather states. Sulfuryl fluoride is an odorless gas that targets the nervous system and can cause respiratory irritation, pulmonary edema, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and death. Structural voids or compartments such
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