Abstract
This research work is carried out to evaluate fluoride (F) hydrogeochemistry and its effect on the population of two endemic villages of Birbhum district, West Bengal. Fluoride concentration in drinking water varies from 0.33 to 18.08 mg/L. Hydrogeochemical evolution suggests that ion-exchange mechanism is the major controlling factor for releasing F in the groundwater. Most of the groundwater samples are undersaturated with respect to calcite and fluorite. Health survey shows that out of 235 people, 142 people suffer from dental fluorosis. According to fluoride impact severity, almost 80 and 94 % people in an age group of 11–20 and 41–50 suffer from dental and skeletal fluorosis, respectively. Statistically drinking water F has a positive correlation with dental and skeletal fluorosis. Bone mineral density test reveals that 33 and 45 % of the studied population suffer from osteopenic and osteoporosis disease. IQ test also signifies that F has a bearing on the intelligence development of the study area school children. The existence of significant linear relationship (R 2 = 0.77) between drinking water F and urinary F suggests that consumption of F-contaminated drinking water has a major control over urinary F (0.39–20.1 mg/L) excretion.
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European Commission: Opinions on the 2011 SCHER report on fluoridation for the Layman
European Commission: Opinions on the 2011 SCHER report on fluoridation for the Layman About this publication on Fluoridation Online at https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/opinions_layman/fluoridation/en/about.htm 1. Source for this Publication The texts in level 3 are directly sourced from “Critical review of any new evidence on the hazard profile, health effects, and human exposure to fluoride and the fluoridating
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A comparative analysis of the results of multiple tests in patients with chronic industrial fluorosis
For this paper, X-rays, intelligence testing, fingernail fluorine content testing, electroencephalographs, and tests of nervous system symptoms and signs were performed on patients with chronic industrial fluorosis, as well as on workers who had worked in the same environment for shorter periods of time and were not diagnosed with industrial
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A Systems Approach to Remediating Human Exposure to Arsenic and Fluoride From Overexploited Aquifers.
Key Points Overexploiting aquifers increases energy costs and lowers economic productivity by increasing human exposure to geogenic neurotoxins Over a 100 year future time-frame estimated revenue from agro-export will be less than the costs this activity imposes on the population Investing in water treatment substantially lowers costs of deteriorating water quality In
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Association Between Water Fluoride and the Level of Children's Intelligence: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
Highlights High fluoride content in drinking water could affect the intellectual development of children. High water fluoride exposure is significantly associated with a reduced level of intelligence. Water quality and water fluoride exposure should be improved in areas with high water fluoride content. Objectives Higher fluoride concentrations in water have inconsistently
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A comparative study of the IQ of children age 7-9 in a high and a low fluoride water city in Iran.
SUMMARY: Note from Fluoride Action Network: This is the same study that was published by the journal Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene in 2011. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of high and low fluoride (F) in the drinking water on the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of young schoolchildren in two otherwise similar
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
• As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies which reported an association of reduced IQ with exposure
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"Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis
As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride & Osteoarthritis
While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.
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