Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of fluoride exposure on the prevalence of dental caries and the intellectual ability of children.
Method: In this cross-sectional study, 161 children from 9 to 10 years of age were evaluated. The concentration of fluoride in drinking water and urine was analyzed individually. Oral health status regarding dental caries and dental fluorosis was assessed. The intellectualability of children was evaluated through the Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices. In addition, variables such as diet, oral hygiene, body mass index, and socioeconomic status were included.
Results: There was a negative relationship between the DMFT index and the level of dental fluorosis. In the logistic regression analysis, a water fluoride exposure above 1.0 mg/L showed less risk of dental caries (OR = 0.41; p=0.025). Parental education level lower than high school raised significantly the risk of dental caries (OR = 2.81; p=0.036). No relationship was found between intellectual ability and fluoride exposure variables such as, dental fluorosis, levels of fluoride in drinking water and urine, and exposure dose.
Conclusion: The results suggest that exposure to fluoride reduces the prevalence of dental caries, but no association was found to the intelligence of children.
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Association Between Maternal Fluoride Exposure During Pregnancy and IQ Scores in Offspring in Canada.
Key Points Question Is maternal fluoride exposure during pregnancy associated with childhood IQ in a Canadian cohort receiving optimally fluoridated water? Findings In this prospective birth cohort study, fluoride exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower IQ scores in children aged 3 to 4 years. Meaning Fluoride exposure during pregnancy may be associated
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Effect of coal-burning endemic fluorosis on children's physical development and intellectual level
Objective To investigate the effect of coal-burning endemic fluorosis on children's physical development and intellectual level so as to provide data support for the protection of children's healthy growth in fluorosis areas. Methods Ninety children with coal-burning endemic fluorosis were selected for the study, which were divided into heavy fluorosis area group, middle
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Critical Windows of Fluoride Neurotoxicity in Canadian Children.
Highlights The association between fluoride and performance IQ (PIQ) significantly differed across prenatal, infancy, and childhood exposure windows collapsing across child sex (p = .001). The strongest association between fluoride and PIQ was during the prenatal window, B = -2.36, 95% CI: -3.63, -1.08; the association was also significant
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Fluoride exposure and children’s intelligence: Gene-environment interaction based on SNP-set, gene and pathway analysis, using a case-control design based on a cross-sectional study.
Highlights High intelligence was inversely correlated with water, urinary, hair and nail fluoride. Fluoride interacts with a SNP-set of rs3788319, rs1879417, rs57377675, rs11556505 and rs7187776 on intelligence. Fluoride interacts with mitochondrial function-related genes CLU and TOMM40 on intelligence. Multiple neurodevelopmental pathways related to metabolism may be involved in the
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Fluoride exposure and intelligence in school-age children: evidence from different windows of exposure susceptibility.
Study Retracted on November 8, 2022. Retraction Note: BMC Public Health 20, 1657 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09765-4 The Editor has retracted this article. After publication, concerns were raised regarding the data analysis and conclusions in the paper. The authors have provided raw data, and post-publication review found inconsistencies in methodology and major misinterpretation of the
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
Note: See the Updated list of fluoride IQ studies at https://fluoridealert.org/researchers/fluoride-iq-studies/the-fluoride-iq-studies/ • As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are 78 studies reporting reduced IQ (75 studies with children and 3 studies with adults) and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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