Abstract
Note from Fluoride Action Network:
This is a duplicate study of Lu et al. (2000).
SUMMARY:
Sixty children, aged 10 to 12, were randomly selected for IQ testing from
an area with high fluoride (3.15 mg F/L) in the drinking water along with 58 control
children of the same age from a nearby low fluoride (0.37 mg F/L) area. The two areas
are located approximately 5 km apart in the Tianjin Xiqing District, and both have
similar normal iodine levels, living standards, access to medical facilities, economic
development, educational level, etc. A single individual using the C2 version of the
Chinese Raven Test did the IQ testing. The mean IQ scores were significantly
different: 92.27±20.45 in the high F area and 103.05±13.86 in the low F area (P<0.01).
Within the seven categories of the scores, there were significantly more borderline
and low IQs in the high F area (13/60) than in the low F area (2/58) (p<0.01).]
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Controversy: The Evolving Science of Fluoride: When New Evidence Doesn't Conform With Existing Beliefs
Over the past 75 years, health authorities have declared that community water fluoridation -a practice that reaches over 400 million worldwide -is safe. Yet, studies conducted in North America examining the safety of fluoride exposure in pregnancy were nonexistent. When a Canadian study reported that higher fluoride exposure in pregnant
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Outcome of Systemic Fluoride Effects on Developmental Neurocognitions and Psychopathology in Adolescent Children. (Letter).
To the Editor: The Centers for Disease Control recognized community water fluoridation as one of the 10 great public health achievements of the twentieth century for improving oral health, especially in children [1]. Unfortunately, long-term exposure to higher endemic water fluoride caused dental fluorosis, skeletal fractures, cancers, and affected reproduction, thyroid
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The cholinergic system, intelligence, and dental fluorosis in school-aged children with low-to-moderate fluoride exposure.
Highlights Low-to-moderate fluoride was associated with alterations of cholinergic system. The prevalence of dental fluorosis (DF) was related to cholinergic system. AChE was negatively associated with children’s intelligence quotient (IQ). AChE mediates association of fluoride with DF prevalence and lower odds of IQ > 120. DF and IQ were
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Research on the effects of fluoride on child intellectual development under different environmental conditions.
Goal: To study the effects of the fluoride and iodine content of drinking water on child intellectual development and the interaction between the two factors and also the relationship of educational factors to such development. Methods: The subjects of the investigation were 8- to 14-year-old children randomly selected from endemic areas as well
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Is Fluoride Potentially Neurotoxic?
An Editorial by David C. Bellinger, PhD, MSc Environmental epidemiology is a field replete with controversies, but the intensity of the debate inspired by the fluoridation of municipal water supplies to reduce dental caries is perhaps unrivaled. Governments, as well as individuals, differ in their assessments of water fluoridation as public policy.
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
Note: See the Updated list of fluoride IQ studies at https://fluoridealert.org/researchers/fluoride-iq-studies/the-fluoride-iq-studies/ • As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are 78 studies reporting reduced IQ (75 studies with children and 3 studies with adults) and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link
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