Abstract
With the expansion of certain types of industrialization into agricultural areas, fluorosis in livestock has become an important toxicologic problem in some places in the United States and many other countries. Fluorine has beneficial effects when ingested in small amounts, but toxic and adverse effects when ingested in excessive amounts. Many sources may contribute to the total fluorine intake of animals. Various factors influence biologic responses of livestock to ingested fluorides. Fluorosis can be correctly diagnosed and evaluated by qualified individuals. Some methods and procedures are helpful in alleviating fluorine toxicosis. Several programs may be used for settlements and solutions of fluorosis problems. Standards and a comprehensive guide for use in diagnosing and evaluating fluorosis in livestock has been compiled.
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The onset of chronic fluorosis is insidious and may be confused with chronic debilitating diseases such as osteoarthritis . . .
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Fluoride contamination of groundwater and its threat to health of villagers and their domestic animals and agriculture crops in rural Rajasthan, India.
In India, Rajasthan is the largest state and has seven divisions, namely Ajmer, Bharatpur, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota and Udaipur. Villagers of these regions, generally, used groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes. The basic sources of groundwater in rural areas are hand pumps, step wells and borewells. Water of most
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Modifying role of GSTP1 polymorphism on the association between tea fluoride exposure and the brick-tea type fluorosis
BACKGROUND: Brick tea type fluorosis is a public health concern in the north-west area of China. The association between SNPs of genes influencing bone mass and fluorosis has attracted attention, but the association of SNPs with the risk of brick-tea type of fluorosis has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the
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The effect of alternating administration of aluminum chloride and sodium fluoride in drinking water on the concentration of fluoride in serum and its content in bones of rats.
INTRODUCTION: Fluorine and aluminum remain a very interesting research topic due to equivocal and relatively unknown toxic action, role in the etiology of various diseases, and interactions of both elements. Fluorine and aluminum compounds are absorbed by organisms through the gastric and respiratory systems, although the latter route operates only at
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Specific features of occupational fluorosis
Analysis of X-ray images of 397 patients suffering from fluorosis showed that 94.0% of cases exhibit degenerative-dystrophic impairments of the lumbar spine; 65.0% of cases – calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament; and 91.0% of cases – impairments in the form of epicondylitis, periarthrosis, and deforming arthrosis. Impairment of the
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Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament and fluorosis.
Objective: Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a progressive disease that causes spinal canal compromise and serious neurological sequelae in advanced cases. The incidence of OPLL in the Asiatic population is 2%-3%, but the incidence is more in the background of fluorosis. Our aim was to study the association
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"Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis
As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.
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Fluoride & Osteoarthritis
While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.
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Skeletal Fluorosis: The Misdiagnosis Problem
It is a virtual certainty that there are individuals in the general population unknowingly suffering from some form of skeletal fluorosis as a result of a doctor's failure to consider fluoride as a cause of their symptoms. Proof that this is the case can be found in the following case reports of skeletal fluorosis written by doctors in the U.S. and other western countries. As can be seen, a consistent feature of these reports is that fluorosis patients--even those with crippling skeletal fluorosis--are misdiagnosed for years by multiple teams of doctors who routinely fail to consider fluoride as a possible cause of their disease.
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