Abstract
Children are widely viewed as the population subgroup that is most vulnerable to the toxicities that result from exposure to environmental chemicals. Their enhanced vulnerability is due to a variety of behavioral and physiologic factors. For many chemicals, the central nervous system (CNS) is the most sensitive target organ. In general, the impacts depend on a chemical’s mode of action, the dose, and the stage of development at which exposure occurs. This paper surveys the toxicology of environmental chemicals, specifically the impacts on children’s intellectual development. It focuses on metals (or metalloids), including mercury, lead, arsenic, fluoride, as well as on pesticides, air pollution, synthetic organic chemicals, and endocrine disruptors. The final section discusses issues germane to estimating the global burden of disease associated with exposures to neurotoxic environmental chemicals.
Original abstract online at http://pm.amegroups.com/article/view/4617/html
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Intelligent quotients of 12-14 year old school children in a high and low fluoride village in India.
SUMMARY: The aim of this preliminary study was to compare the intelligence quotient (IQ) scores of 12–14 year old school children living in a high fluoride (F) village with the IQ scores of a similar group of children in a low F village in the Davangere district, Karnataka, India. Sixty-five
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Effects of High-Water Fluoride Exposure on IQ Levels in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jiangsu, China
This cross-sectional research aimed to investigate the potential effects of elevated fluoride levels in drinking water on children’s intelligence quotient (IQ). A total of 721 children from rural Jiangsu, China, were included in the study and divided into two groups based on the fluoride concentration in their drinking water: a
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DRAFT NTP Monograph on the Systematic Review of Fluoride Exposure and Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Health Effects
This DRAFT Monograph is distributed solely for the purpose of pre-dissemination peer review and does not represent and should not be construed to represent any NTP determination or policy. Background: Previous reviews of epidemiological studies, including a 2006 evaluation by the National Research Council (NRC), found support for an association between
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Memory impairment induced by chronic sodium fluoride intake.
Methods: Male rats received sodium fluoride in their drinking water (1 ppm – tap water; 50 ppm; 100 ppm) for 30 days. After this period, different groups of animals were tested in openfield habituation (two 5-min sessions 24 h apart) and in the twoway active avoidance (two sessions of 30
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Low glucose utilization and neurodegenerative changes caused by sodium fluoride exposure in rat's Developmental Brain.
Fluorine, a toxic and reactive element, is widely prevalent throughout the environment and can induce toxicity when absorbed into the body. This study was to explore the possible mechanisms of developmental neurotoxicity in rats treated with different levels of sodium fluoride (NaF). The rats' intelligence, as well as changes in
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