Abstract
Thirty-two one-month-old Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into four equal groups of eight (female:male = 3:1). To assess damage to DNA in their brain cells, the first group (1) of rats served as the untreated control, the second group (2) was administered high fluoride (HiF, 100 mg NaF/L in the drinking water), the third group (3) was placed on a low iodine intake (LI, 0.0855 mg I/kg diet), and the fourth group (4) was exposed to the same high fluoride and low iodine combined (HiF+LI). At 20 months of age, the rats were anesthetized and their brain cells prepared for single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE = comet assay). DNA damage in the brain cells assessed by the tailing ratio percent was 24.68±20.81% in the control group 1 and in the HiF, LI, and HiF+LI groups 2, 3, and 4, it was 90.93±9.17%, 89.04±4.99%, and 92.48±4.04%, respectively. Moreover,the proportion of grade III damage to the brain cells increased by 24.00% in the HiF group 2, 21.88% in the LI group 3, and 33.33% in the HiF+LI group 4, but only by 8.0% in the control group 1. These results indicate that DNA strands in the brain cells of rats are adversely affected by exposure to high fluoride, low iodine, and together in combination.
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[Effects of selenium and zinc on the DNA damage caused by fluoride in pallium neural cells of rats].
To investigate the effects of fluoride on DNA damage as well as the effects of selenium and zinc against fluoride respectively or jointly in pallium neural cells of rats, single cell gel electrophoresis was used to detect the DNA damage of neural cells prepared in vitro. The results showed that
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Co-exposure to arsenic and fluoride on oxidative stress, glutathione linked enzymes, biogenic amines and DNA damage in mouse brain.
We studied the effects of combined exposure to arsenic and fluoride on (i) brain biogenic amines, oxidative stress and its correlation with glutathione and linked enzymes; (ii) alterations in the structural integrity of DNA; and (iii) brain and blood arsenic and fluoride levels. Efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in reducing these changes
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Studies on the DNA and RNA contents of heart, liver and kidney of rats with chronic fluorosis
17 rats with chronic fluorosis induced by prolonged drinking of water containing 50 ppm fluorine and 17 rats drinking low-fluorine water served as control were used to study the DNA and RNA contents of heart, liver and kidney. The findings suggest that excessive accumulation of fluorine can suppress the synthesis
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[Study of the mechanism of neurone apoptosis in rats from the chronic fluorosis].
Objective: Study the mechanism of action chronic fluorosis in neurones. Methods: Terminal deoxyribo-nucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to observe changes of apoptosis in cerebral cells in chronic fluorosis in rats. Results: TUNEL results show non-random expression of DAB positive stain apoptosis cells which appear
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Proteomic analysis of brain proteins of rats exposed to high fluoride and low iodine.
Epidemiological investigations reveal that high fluoride and low iodine have strong adverse effects on the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children. Studies also report that in some high fluoride areas, iodine deficiency also exists, especially in China. Here, with the proteomic techniques, we first report on the proteomic changes in brain
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity
It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,
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The Relationship Between Fluoride Exposure & Goitre in South Africa
As a general rule simple goitre, irrespective of the cause, can be very, or fairly, satisfactorily combated by an adequate increase in man's daily iodine intake, except when the enlargement of the gland is due to the ingestion of excessive amounts of fluorine. The only correct solution to fluorine-induced endemic goitre is the removal of this element from the drinking water.
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Fluoride & Rickets
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid (unmineralized bone) content of bone. When bones have too much osteoid, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. When osteomalacia develops during childhood, it is called "rickets." The potential for fluoride
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