Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Fluoride (F) is a toxic and reactive element, and exposure to it passes almost unnoticed, with the consumption of tea, fish, meat, fruits, etcetera and articles of common use such as: toothpaste additives; dental gels, non-stick pans and razor blades as Teflon. It has also been used with the intention of reducing the dental cares.
DEVELOPMENT:
Fluoride can accumulate in the body, and it has been shown that continuous exposure to it causes damaging effects on body tissues, particularly the nervous system directly without any previous physical malformations.
BACKGROUND:
Several clinical and experimental studies have reported that the F induces changes in cerebral morphology and biochemistry that affect the neurological development of individuals as well as cognitive processes, such as learning and memory. F can be toxic by ingesting one part per million (ppm), and the effects they are not immediate, as they can take 20 years or more to become evident.
CONCLUSION:
The prolonged ingestion of F may cause significant damage to health and particularly to the nervous system. Therefore, it is important to be aware of this serious problem and avoid the use of toothpaste and items that contain F, particularly in children as they are more susceptible to the toxic effects of F.
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Amelioration by jambul fruit extract of fluoride-induced hepato-nephronal histopathologies and impaired neuromotor capacity in mice.
We studied the amelioration potential of jambul (Syzygium cumini) fruit extract (JE) on fluoride ion (F) mediated behavioral alterations and hepato-nephronal histopathologies in four groups (n=10 per group) of adult male mice. Two groups, control (C) and jambul (J), were fed F-free water for 15 days while the other two
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Comparative study on the influence of fluoride on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants levels in the different brain regions of well-fed and protein undernourished rats.
Effects of fluoride on the levels of Lipid peroxidation (LP) and antioxidant enzymes in the brain regions of protein undernourished (PU) and well-fed rats (WF) rats exposed to 100 ppm fluoride in drinking water were investigated. The results indicate that the mean body weights and the total brain weights of
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Comparative assessment of the physical and mental development of children in endemic fluorosis area with water improvement and without water improvement.
Tests were performed to compare the IQ and physical development of 7-to-14-year-old children from endemic fluorosis areas, with and without water improvement programs, with children from a nonfluorosis area. The results showed that the average IQ of children in each age group from the fluorosis area without water improvement is lower than those
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Effects of the Fas/Fas-L pathway on fluoride-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
The mechanisms underlying fluoride-induced apoptosis in neurons still remain unknown. To investigate apoptosis, caspase-3 activity, and mRNA expression of Fas, Fas-L, and caspases (-3 and -8) induced by fluoride, human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells were incubated with 0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF) for 24 h in vitro.
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Trace element levels in drinking water and cognitive function among elderly Chinese
The relation between trace element levels in drinking water and cognitive function was investigated in a population-based study of elderly residents (n = 1,016) in rural China in 1996-1997. Cognitive function was measured using a Chinese translation of the Community Screening Interview for Dementia. A mixed effects model was used
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