Abstract
Objective: To understand the relationship of dental fluorosis and IQ among children in a high fluoride area and further study the harm of high fluoride to the human body.
Method: High fluoride areas (from drinking water) in Qi County were selected as the site of investigation. The subjects of the study were 7-to-10-year-old children. Dental fluorosis was diagnosed using the Dean Index, and IQ was determined with the Chinese combined Raven’s test.
Results: The average IQ among the children in the high fluoride area was 98.06 and the rate of mental retardation was 5.47%. Intelligence distribution in the children with and without dental fluorosis did not show any difference, and no sex-specific differences in intelligence were found.
Conclusions: The long-term consumption of high fluoride water may adversely affect children’s intelligence.
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Outcome of Systemic Fluoride Effects on Developmental Neurocognitions and Psychopathology in Adolescent Children. (Letter).
To the Editor: The Centers for Disease Control recognized community water fluoridation as one of the 10 great public health achievements of the twentieth century for improving oral health, especially in children [1]. Unfortunately, long-term exposure to higher endemic water fluoride caused dental fluorosis, skeletal fractures, cancers, and affected reproduction, thyroid
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Effect of fluoride in drinking water on dental caries and IQ in children.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of fluoride exposure on the prevalence of dental caries and the intellectual ability of children. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 161 children from 9 to 10 years of age were evaluated. The concentration of fluoride in drinking water and urine was
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Reviews of developmental fluoride neurotoxicity by Grandjean and Guth et al.
An updated review by Philippe Grandjean, published in Environmental Health on December 19, 2019, of developmental fluoride neurotoxicity concluded that recent epidemiological results support the notion that elevated fluoride intake during early development can result in IQ deficits that may be considerable. He noted that the recognition of neurotoxic risks
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Intelligence and fluoride exposure in New Zealand children
A birth cohort of 1265 children born in Christchurch in 1977 was studied longitudinally including assessment measures of cognitive ability at ages 8 and 9 years using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R). It was possible to study the association between intelligence and fluoride exposure as approximately half of
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Blood lead of children in Wamiao-Xinhuai intelligence study (Letter).
As an additional part of our investigation of an association between fluoride in drinking water and children’s intelligence in two villages of Sihong County, Jiangsu Province, China, we have now determined blood lead levels of children in that study. Blood samples (80 ?L) were collected on June 18 and 19, 2003
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
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